What is the Disaster Crunch Model?
The Disaster Crunch Model is a tool used to explain why disasters happen. It shows how a combination of vulnerability and hazard leads to a disaster. Developed by researchers at the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), this model helps us understand that disasters are not just natural events—they are also the result of social and economic conditions.
Key Components of the Model
- Root Causes: Long-term problems like poverty, inequality, and lack of education
- Dynamic Pressures: Factors that turn root causes into more immediate risks, like poor planning or deforestation
- Unsafe Conditions: People living in risky areas (e.g., near rivers or unstable hills), weak buildings, lack of health care
- Hazard: Natural event like a flood or earthquake
How It Works
The model shows that when hazards meet unsafe conditions, a disaster happens. The more vulnerable the people are, the greater the disaster impact.
Importance
- Helps in understanding the real causes of disasters
- Promotes risk reduction through better planning and social development
- Encourages a shift from response to prevention
Conclusion
The Disaster Crunch Model reminds us that disasters are not just about nature—they are also about people, poverty, and poor planning. Reducing vulnerability can help reduce the impact of disasters.