Introduction
Globalisation is one of the defining features of the modern world. It refers to the growing interconnectedness and interdependence among countries through trade, technology, culture, and communication. Globalisation has transformed international relations, economics, and everyday life. In this short note, we will explain its meaning, features, and impact.
Meaning of Globalisation
Globalisation can be defined as the process of increased flow of goods, services, information, technology, and people across national borders. It makes the world more integrated and connected, reducing the importance of geographical distance.
Key Features of Globalisation
- Economic Integration: Growth of international trade, global supply chains, and multinational corporations.
- Technological Advancement: The internet, digital communication, and transport have made global exchanges faster.
- Cultural Exchange: Spread of global culture, media, and lifestyles across countries.
- Political Interdependence: Greater cooperation among states through international institutions like the UN, WTO, and IMF.
Impact of Globalisation
- Positive Impacts: Promotes economic growth, access to technology, cultural exchange, and cooperation on global issues.
- Negative Impacts: Increases inequality, threatens local cultures, causes environmental problems, and spreads crises quickly (e.g., financial crisis, pandemics).
Examples
- Outsourcing of jobs from developed to developing countries.
- International cultural influence through Hollywood movies, K-pop, or global sports events.
- Global cooperation in tackling climate change and health crises like COVID-19.
Conclusion
Globalisation has connected the world like never before, creating both opportunities and challenges. While it promotes growth and cultural exchange, it also raises concerns about inequality, environment, and sovereignty. Therefore, managing globalisation responsibly is a key challenge for international relations today.