Attachment and Its Development Phases
Attachment is the emotional bond that develops between a child and their primary caregiver, usually the mother or father. It is a key aspect of a child’s emotional and social development. Secure attachment provides a foundation for trust, social skills, and overall mental well-being. Attachment helps a child feel safe and cared for, promoting exploration and learning.
Four Phases of Attachment Development
- Pre-attachment Phase (Birth to 6 weeks): Infants show no specific attachment and respond equally to caregivers and strangers.
- Attachment-in-the-Making (6 weeks to 6-8 months): Infants start to recognize and prefer familiar caregivers.
- Clear-cut Attachment (6-8 months to 18 months): Strong attachment is formed; infants show separation anxiety when away from the caregiver.
- Formation of Reciprocal Relationship (18 months and beyond): Toddlers begin to understand the caregiver’s schedule and reduce separation anxiety.
These stages are essential in shaping future emotional relationships and self-confidence.