Introduction
In the field of education, it is important to follow a structured and organized approach to ensure learning is effective. This is where the concept of a system and the systems approach to instruction become relevant. A system ensures that each part of the teaching-learning process works together to achieve a common goal. In this post, we explain what a system is and how the systems approach can be applied in classroom instruction using a simple example.
What is a System?
A system is a collection of interconnected parts that work together to achieve a specific goal. In education, a system includes inputs (learners, teachers, materials), processes (teaching strategies), and outputs (learning outcomes).
Each part of the system affects the other. If one part fails, the system does not function effectively. Therefore, a system must be planned and managed carefully.
What is Systems Approach to Instruction?
The systems approach to instruction is a method of designing the teaching-learning process in a logical, step-by-step manner. It ensures that the learning objectives, teaching methods, resources, and assessments are all aligned and work together as one system.
Main Components of the Systems Approach
- Input: Learners, teachers, resources, and goals
- Process: Instructional strategies and activities
- Output: Learner performance or achievement
- Feedback: Evaluation and correction for improvement
Example: Teaching the Topic “Photosynthesis” in Class 7
Let’s apply the systems approach to plan a lesson on photosynthesis.
1. Input
- Learners: Class 7 students
- Teacher: Subject expert in science
- Resources: Textbook, smartboard, YouTube video, chart paper, plants
- Objective: Students should understand the process and importance of photosynthesis
2. Process
- Begin with an introductory question to activate prior knowledge: “Why do plants need sunlight?”
- Explain the process using a video on photosynthesis.
- Draw the process on the board and explain each step (sunlight, chlorophyll, water, CO₂ → oxygen and glucose).
- Use a real plant to demonstrate leaves and sunlight exposure.
- Ask students to create a diagram of photosynthesis in their notebooks.
3. Output
- Conduct a short quiz to check understanding.
- Assign a home project: Observe a plant’s growth for a week and record observations.
4. Feedback
- Review quiz results to see if students understood the concept.
- Address errors or confusion in the next class.
- Use student feedback to improve future lessons.
Benefits of Systems Approach in the Classroom
- Ensures logical flow in teaching
- Aligns learning goals with activities and assessments
- Promotes better planning and organization
- Improves learning outcomes
Conclusion
The systems approach treats classroom instruction as a complete and well-connected process. By using this method, teachers can plan and deliver lessons that are effective, structured, and responsive to student needs. It helps in achieving learning outcomes systematically and ensures continuous improvement through feedback.