Introduction
Violence against women is a serious social issue that affects millions of women worldwide. It includes physical, emotional, sexual, and economic abuse and can occur in both public and private spaces. This violence stems from deep-rooted gender inequality, cultural norms, and lack of education or awareness. Addressing violence against women is essential for ensuring their dignity, safety, and equal participation in society.
Types of Violence Against Women
- Domestic Violence: Abuse by family members, especially husbands or in-laws.
- Sexual Harassment: Unwanted sexual advances or comments at workplaces, schools, or public places.
- Dowry-related Violence: Physical or mental abuse related to dowry demands.
- Trafficking and Exploitation: Women being forced into prostitution or bonded labor.
- Honor Killing: Killing women who are seen as bringing “shame” to the family due to their personal choices.
Causes
- Patriarchal mindset and gender discrimination
- Lack of education and economic dependence of women
- Weak law enforcement and judicial delays
- Cultural acceptance of violence in some communities
Legal Safeguards in India
- Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005
- Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace Act, 2013
- Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961
- Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 2013 – for harsher punishment for rape and assault
Conclusion
Violence against women is a violation of human rights and hinders progress toward gender equality. Laws alone are not enough; society must change its attitude towards women. Education, awareness, support services, and strict enforcement of laws are essential to create a safe and equal world for women.