“India’s energy needs can only lie in adopting non-conventional sources of energy”. Explain in detail.
Introduction
India, with its rapidly growing population and economy, faces escalating energy demands. Reliance on conventional sources like coal and oil has led to environmental degradation and resource depletion. Transitioning to non-conventional energy sources is essential for meeting energy needs sustainably.
Advantages of Non-Conventional Energy
1. Abundance and Renewability
- Solar, wind, hydro, and biomass are renewable, unlike finite fossil fuels.
- India’s geography supports solar and wind energy harnessing, particularly in states like Rajasthan and Tamil Nadu.
2. Environmental Benefits
- Non-conventional energy sources produce minimal greenhouse gas emissions, reducing air pollution and combating climate change.
3. Energy Security and Accessibility
- Non-conventional energy reduces dependency on imported fuels, enhancing energy security.
- Decentralized renewable systems, such as solar microgrids, bring electricity to remote areas.
4. Economic Growth
- Investments in renewable energy create jobs and boost the economy.
- Example: India’s National Solar Mission aims to generate 100 GW of solar power, creating employment in the renewable sector.
Challenges and Solutions
- High initial costs and lack of infrastructure hinder adoption.
- Policies like subsidies for solar panels, tax benefits, and research funding can overcome these barriers.
Conclusion
Non-conventional energy sources offer a sustainable, secure, and economically viable solution to India’s growing energy needs. Adopting these technologies is not just an option but a necessity for India’s future.