IGNOU 2024 assignment guide

List the elements of a programming language. Explain the terms data type, expression, assignment; and logical, relational and equality operators with the help of an example each.

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Elements of a Programming Language Programming languages are composed of various elements that provide structure and meaning to a program. Key elements include: Syntax: Rules that define the structure of valid statements in the language. Data Types: Classification of data items, such as integers, floats, or strings. Variables: Named storage locations to hold data. Operators: […]

List the elements of a programming language. Explain the terms data type, expression, assignment; and logical, relational and equality operators with the help of an example each. Read More »

Explain the differences between procedural programming and object oriented programming with the help of one example program of each.

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Differences Between Procedural Programming and Object-Oriented Programming Aspect Procedural Programming Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concept Focuses on functions and procedures to operate on data. Focuses on objects, which encapsulate data and behavior. Structure Programs are structured as a sequence of instructions. Programs are structured around classes and objects. Data Handling Data is usually exposed and shared

Explain the differences between procedural programming and object oriented programming with the help of one example program of each. Read More »

Explain the differences between procedural programming and object oriented programming with the help of one example program of each.

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Differences Between Procedural Programming and Object-Oriented Programming Aspect Procedural Programming Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) Concept Focuses on functions and procedures to operate on data. Focuses on objects, which encapsulate data and behavior. Structure Programs are structured as a sequence of instructions. Programs are structured around classes and objects. Data Handling Data is usually exposed and shared

Explain the differences between procedural programming and object oriented programming with the help of one example program of each. Read More »

Consider that you have to run several computer programs simultaneously on a computer. Each program takes input from a file and output information on a printer. How does different components of an Operating system (like memory management, I/O management, Process management, file system and user interface) will help in execution of these programs

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Role of Operating System Components in Executing Multiple Programs When multiple programs are running simultaneously on a computer, the operating system (OS) manages resources to ensure efficient execution. Different OS components play distinct roles in handling memory, input/output (I/O), processes, files, and user interaction. Here’s how they contribute: 1. Memory Management Function: The memory management

Consider that you have to run several computer programs simultaneously on a computer. Each program takes input from a file and output information on a printer. How does different components of an Operating system (like memory management, I/O management, Process management, file system and user interface) will help in execution of these programs Read More »

Why do you need virus detection software? What are their drawbacks? What are the techniques to identify a virus? List any 4 latest virus for desktop systems.

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Why Do You Need Virus Detection Software? Virus detection software, also known as antivirus software, is essential for protecting computer systems from malicious programs that can compromise security, steal sensitive data, disrupt operations, or damage hardware. Key reasons for using virus detection software include: Malware Prevention: Detects and blocks viruses, worms, trojans, ransomware, and spyware

Why do you need virus detection software? What are their drawbacks? What are the techniques to identify a virus? List any 4 latest virus for desktop systems. Read More »

What are the uses of various components of motherboard of a computer? List at least four output devices and ports to which these devices can be connected. Explain the characteristics of these output devices and ports.

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Uses of Various Components of a Motherboard A motherboard is the central circuit board of a computer that connects all components and allows communication between them. Its key components and their uses are: 1. Central Processing Unit (CPU) Socket Use: Provides the physical interface to install the processor. The CPU executes instructions and performs calculations.

What are the uses of various components of motherboard of a computer? List at least four output devices and ports to which these devices can be connected. Explain the characteristics of these output devices and ports. Read More »

A 2.5 inch diameter disk has 8 platters with each platter having two data recording surfaces, each platter on disk has 4084 tracks, each track has 400 sectors and one sector can store 1 MB of data. Calculate the storage capacity of this disk in Bytes. If this disk has a seek time of 2 milli-seconds and rotates at the speed of 6000 rpm, find the Access time for the disk. Make suitable assumptions, if any.

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1. Storage Capacity of the Disk Calculation: Storage Capacity = Number of Platters × Surfaces per Platter × Tracks per Surface × Sectors per Track × Data per Sector (in Bytes) Storage Capacity = 8 × 2 × 4084 × 400 × 1 MB × (10242 Bytes) Result: The storage capacity of the disk is

A 2.5 inch diameter disk has 8 platters with each platter having two data recording surfaces, each platter on disk has 4084 tracks, each track has 400 sectors and one sector can store 1 MB of data. Calculate the storage capacity of this disk in Bytes. If this disk has a seek time of 2 milli-seconds and rotates at the speed of 6000 rpm, find the Access time for the disk. Make suitable assumptions, if any. Read More »

What is an instruction? What are its components? What is the role of an instruction in a computer? Explain with the help of an example. Where does the instruction reside at the time of execution.

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What is an Instruction? An instruction is a binary-encoded command that tells a computer’s processor what operation to perform. Instructions are fundamental components of a computer program and are executed sequentially (or as per program flow) by the processor to achieve desired computations. Components of an Instruction An instruction typically consists of the following components:

What is an instruction? What are its components? What is the role of an instruction in a computer? Explain with the help of an example. Where does the instruction reside at the time of execution. Read More »

Number System Conversions: Decimal to Binary, Hexadecimal, and ASCII/Unicode

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Convert the Following Numbers as Stated (i) Decimal 64.005125 to Binary To convert the decimal number 64.005125 to its binary equivalent, we handle the integer and fractional parts separately. Integer Part: 64 Divide 64 by 2 repeatedly and record the remainders: Division by 2 Quotient Remainder 64 ÷ 2 32 0 32 ÷ 2 16

Number System Conversions: Decimal to Binary, Hexadecimal, and ASCII/Unicode Read More »

Comparison of DRAM vs SRAM, Magnetic Disks vs Tapes, Pen Drive vs CD-RW, and ROM vs PROM

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Comparison and Contrast (i) DRAM vs SRAM Feature DRAM (Dynamic RAM) SRAM (Static RAM) Storage Mechanism Stores data as charges in capacitors. Stores data using flip-flop circuits. Speed Slower due to the need for periodic refreshing. Faster as no refreshing is required. Power Consumption Consumes less power per cell. Consumes more power due to complex

Comparison of DRAM vs SRAM, Magnetic Disks vs Tapes, Pen Drive vs CD-RW, and ROM vs PROM Read More »

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