Depressants and Stimulants
Depressants are substances that slow down the activity of the brain and nervous system. They reduce arousal and stimulation. Common examples include alcohol, benzodiazepines (like diazepam), and barbiturates. Depressants are used to treat anxiety, insomnia, and seizures but can lead to dependence, drowsiness, and impaired coordination.
Stimulants are substances that increase brain activity and alertness. They boost energy, mood, and attention. Common examples include caffeine, nicotine, amphetamines, and cocaine. Stimulants are used to treat ADHD and narcolepsy but can lead to addiction, anxiety, and high blood pressure when misused.
Both types of substances have therapeutic uses but can be harmful if abused. Responsible use and medical supervision are essential.