September 2025

Discuss the etiology of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Describe the different situations eliciting PTSD.

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Introduction Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that may develop after a person is exposed to a traumatic or life-threatening event. Individuals with PTSD may experience disturbing thoughts, flashbacks, nightmares, and severe anxiety that persist long after the traumatic event has ended. This disorder can significantly impair a person’s daily functioning and […]

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Describe the diagnostic features, causes and treatment of narcissistic personality disorder.

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Introduction Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is a psychological condition characterized by a pervasive pattern of grandiosity, need for admiration, and a lack of empathy. It is categorized under Cluster B personality disorders in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5). Individuals with NPD often exhibit inflated self-importance, fantasies of success and power, and

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Describe schizophrenia. Explain the causes and treatment of schizophrenia.

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Introduction Schizophrenia is a chronic and severe mental disorder that affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves. It is a complex psychiatric condition that can lead to significant impairments in personal, social, and occupational functioning. Individuals with schizophrenia often experience delusions, hallucinations, disorganized thinking, and emotional dysregulation. The disorder typically begins in late adolescence

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MPS-003: Complete Solved Assignment Answers (2024–25)

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MPS-003: India – Democracy and Development – Complete Solved Assignment (2024–25) Below are the fully solved answers for IGNOU’s MPS-003 assignment. Each question has been answered with simple, clear language in approximately 500+ words, following IGNOU guidelines. Section I – Answered Questions Explain the concept of development and its relationship with democracy. Analyse the functioning

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Write short notes on the following in about 250 words each: a) Internal Migration b) Sustainable Development

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a) Internal Migration Internal migration refers to the movement of people within a country from one region to another for various reasons such as employment, education, marriage, or natural disasters. In India, internal migration is a widespread phenomenon, especially from rural to urban areas. There are different types of internal migration: rural to rural, rural

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Discuss the causes of over-urbanisation.

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Introduction Over-urbanisation refers to a situation where the rate of urban population growth exceeds the rate at which cities can provide adequate housing, employment, infrastructure, and services. It leads to overcrowding, unemployment, slums, pollution, and social disintegration. In many developing countries, including India, over-urbanisation is becoming a serious challenge to sustainable development and quality of

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Examine the Basic Minimum Needs approach to human development.

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Introduction The Basic Minimum Needs (BMN) approach is a development strategy that emphasizes ensuring the minimum requirements necessary for a decent and dignified life. This approach is centered around meeting essential human needs such as food, health, shelter, education, and sanitation, especially for marginalized and underprivileged communities. It is a welfare-oriented policy framework that focuses

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Explain the nature of regionalism in India.

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Introduction Regionalism in India refers to the political and cultural assertion of regional identities within the broader national framework. It arises from the desire of people in particular regions to protect or promote their social, economic, and political interests. In a diverse country like India—marked by multiple languages, cultures, religions, and regional disparities—regionalism has been

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Explain the behavioralist concept of political participation.

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Introduction The behavioralist approach to political science emerged in the mid-20th century, particularly in the United States, as a response to the traditional, institutional focus of political studies. Behavioralism emphasizes the study of actual political behavior of individuals and groups, using empirical and scientific methods. In this context, political participation is studied not just as

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Write short notes on the following in about 250 words each. A) The Telangana Peasant Rebellion B) Political participation

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A) The Telangana Peasant Rebellion The Telangana Peasant Rebellion (1946–1951) was one of the most significant agrarian uprisings in Indian history. It occurred in the Telangana region of the former Hyderabad State during the rule of the Nizam. The rebellion was led by the Communist Party of India (CPI) and involved thousands of peasants, mainly

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