September 2025

Discuss the factors that result in metabolic syndrome.

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Introduction Metabolic syndrome is a group of conditions that occur together, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and type 2 diabetes. These conditions include high blood pressure, high blood sugar, unhealthy cholesterol levels, and excess body fat around the waist. The presence of multiple risk factors makes this syndrome particularly dangerous. Let’s understand the […]

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Discuss the effect of smoking and depressants on food intake.

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Introduction Food intake and appetite are influenced by several factors, including lifestyle habits and the use of certain substances like tobacco and depressant drugs. These substances can impact metabolism, appetite, digestion, and nutrient absorption. In this post, we will explain the effects of smoking and depressants on food intake and nutrition in simple language. 1.

Discuss the effect of smoking and depressants on food intake. Read More »

How do nutrients influence the bioavailability and distribution of drugs? Illustrate with suitable examples.

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Introduction The interaction between nutrients and drugs is a significant topic in nutritional biochemistry and pharmacology. Nutrients can affect how drugs are absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and eliminated from the body. This is known as a nutrient-drug interaction. Such interactions can influence the bioavailability (the amount of drug that reaches the bloodstream) and the distribution (how

How do nutrients influence the bioavailability and distribution of drugs? Illustrate with suitable examples. Read More »

Explain the biochemical functions, dietary sources of iron. How does its absorption and transport take place?

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Introduction Iron is an essential trace mineral required for many vital biochemical functions in the human body. It plays a central role in oxygen transport, energy production, and enzyme function. A deficiency in iron can lead to anemia and other health issues, while excessive iron can be toxic. In this answer, we will explore the

Explain the biochemical functions, dietary sources of iron. How does its absorption and transport take place? Read More »

Give two examples each of NAD and FAD dependent enzymes. Also name the vitamins from which these cofactors are derived.

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Introduction Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. Many enzymes require additional molecules known as cofactors to function properly. Two of the most important cofactors are NAD (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide) and FAD (Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide). These are involved in oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions and are derived from vitamins. In this answer,

Give two examples each of NAD and FAD dependent enzymes. Also name the vitamins from which these cofactors are derived. Read More »

Discuss the biochemical functions and deficiency disease associated with following vitamins: (i) Vitamin B1 (ii) Niacin (iii) Vitamin D (iv) Vitamin K (v) Vitamin A

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Introduction Vitamins are essential organic compounds that the body needs in small amounts for proper functioning. Each vitamin plays specific roles in metabolism, growth, and overall health. A deficiency in any of these can lead to various health issues. In this answer, we will discuss the biochemical functions and deficiency diseases associated with five important

Discuss the biochemical functions and deficiency disease associated with following vitamins: (i) Vitamin B1 (ii) Niacin (iii) Vitamin D (iv) Vitamin K (v) Vitamin A Read More »

How does measuring nitrogen content gives estimate of protein content of our food? Explain nitrogen balance and its significance.

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Introduction Proteins are made up of amino acids, which contain nitrogen as a key component. Unlike carbohydrates and fats, proteins are the only macronutrients that contain nitrogen. Therefore, by measuring the nitrogen content in food or the body, we can estimate the amount of protein. In this answer, we’ll explore how nitrogen is used to

How does measuring nitrogen content gives estimate of protein content of our food? Explain nitrogen balance and its significance. Read More »

Explain the process of digestion and absorption of dietary proteins.

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Introduction Proteins are essential nutrients that perform a wide range of functions in the body, including building tissues, supporting immune responses, and acting as enzymes and hormones. However, dietary proteins cannot be used directly by the body; they must first be broken down into their building blocks, called amino acids. This answer explains the step-by-step

Explain the process of digestion and absorption of dietary proteins. Read More »

What are lipotropic factors and their clinical significance?

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Introduction Lipotropic factors are nutrients or compounds that help the body break down and remove fats from the liver. These substances play an important role in fat metabolism and liver health. Without lipotropic factors, fat can accumulate in the liver, potentially leading to liver disorders. In this post, we’ll explore what lipotropic factors are and

What are lipotropic factors and their clinical significance? Read More »

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