2025

Explain the mechanics of respiration.

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Explain the Mechanics of Respiration The mechanics of respiration refer to the physical processes involved in breathing—inhalation and exhalation. It involves the coordinated activity of the respiratory muscles and changes in thoracic volume and pressure. 1. Inhalation (Inspiration) The diaphragm contracts and flattens, increasing the vertical dimension of the thoracic cavity. External intercostal muscles contract, […]

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Discuss the roles of Renin-angiotensin-aldosterne system in regulation of blood pressure.

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Discuss the Roles of Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System in Regulation of Blood Pressure The Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) is a hormone-based system that plays a crucial role in maintaining blood pressure and fluid balance in the human body. When blood pressure drops or sodium levels decrease, RAAS gets activated to restore balance. Key Components and Their Roles Renin:

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Illustrate the structure of heart. Explain the steps of cardiac cycle.

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Illustrate the Structure of Heart. Explain the Steps of Cardiac Cycle Structure of the Heart The human heart is a muscular organ located in the thoracic cavity between the lungs. It has four chambers: Two atria (right and left atrium) – thin-walled chambers that receive blood. Two ventricles (right and left ventricle) – thick-walled chambers

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What are clotting factors? Briefly describe the process of blood coagulation.

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What Are Clotting Factors? Briefly Describe the Process of Blood Coagulation Clotting factors are specific proteins and enzymes found in blood plasma that are essential for the process of blood clot formation (coagulation). These factors work together in a cascade-like sequence to stop bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. What Are Clotting Factors? Clotting

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Define homeostasis. Discuss its control system and significance in maintaining the internal environment of the human body.

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Define Homeostasis. Discuss Its Control System and Significance in Maintaining the Internal Environment of the Human Body Homeostasis refers to the ability of the human body to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. This balance is crucial for the survival and optimal functioning of cells and organs. Homeostasis regulates key variables

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Distinguish between white and brown adipose tissue

Leave a Comment / BBCCT-113 – Metabolism of Amino Acids and Nucleotides /

Distinguish Between White and Brown Adipose Tissue White Adipose Tissue (WAT) and Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) are two distinct types of fat in the human body, each serving different physiological functions. 1. Structure and Appearance WAT: Contains large unilocular fat droplets (one large lipid droplet per cell), few mitochondria, and appears pale or white under

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Metabolism of Amino Acids and Nucleotides – BBCCT-113 Assignment Answers

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Metabolism of Amino Acids and Nucleotides Core Course in BiochemistryCourse Code: BBCCT-113Assignment Code: BBCCT-113/TMA/2025Maximum Marks: 100 Note: Attempt all questions. The marks for each question are indicated against it. Write all answers in your own words; do not copy from the course material. PART-(A) (50 Marks) a) Draw nitrogen cycle and explain biological nitrogen fixation

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Describe briefly the signs and symptoms of SCID

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Describe Briefly the Signs and Symptoms of SCID Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID) is a group of rare genetic disorders characterized by profound defects in both humoral (B-cell) and cellular (T-cell) immunity. It is often termed as “bubble boy disease” due to the extreme measures required to protect affected individuals from infections. Causes Mutations in genes

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Compare catabolism of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides

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Compare Catabolism of Purine and Pyrimidine Nucleotides The catabolism of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides follows distinct biochemical pathways due to structural differences in their rings. Here is a comparative overview: 1. Structural Differences Purines have a double-ring structure (adenine, guanine) Pyrimidines have a single-ring structure (cytosine, uracil, thymine) 2. End Products Purine catabolism leads to

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Elaborate on the fate of uric acid in the degradation of purine nucleotides

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Elaborate on the Fate of Uric Acid in the Degradation of Purine Nucleotides Uric acid is the final product of purine nucleotide degradation in humans and other primates. Unlike many other mammals, humans lack the enzyme uricase, which converts uric acid into the more soluble allantoin. This makes uric acid excretion crucial in maintaining nitrogen

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