2025

What is the meaning of ‘Being as the principle of limitation’? Explain briefly

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What is the meaning of ‘Being as the principle of limitation’? Explain briefly Introduction The phrase “Being as the principle of limitation” addresses a key idea in metaphysics that links existence with the concept of definition or boundary. To be something, rather than anything or everything, is to have a definite form — a limit. […]

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Write a short essay on kinds of relation

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Write a short essay on kinds of relation Introduction In metaphysics, the concept of relation is vital in understanding how entities interact, influence, and depend on each other. Relations provide a structure to the universe by linking individuals, properties, and events in a coherent way. Basic Classification Relations can be categorized in multiple ways based

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Write a note on Brahmaparinamvada

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Write a note on Brahmaparinamvada Introduction Brahmaparinamvada is a significant metaphysical doctrine found in certain schools of Indian philosophy, especially in early Vedanta. The term means “the doctrine of transformation of Brahman,” suggesting that the world is a real transformation of the ultimate reality, Brahman. Philosophical Basis According to Brahmaparinamvada, the universe is not an

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Discuss and evaluate the idea of role of potency in evolution

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Discuss and evaluate the idea of role of potency in evolution Introduction The concept of potency (shakti) in metaphysics refers to the inherent capacity within entities to develop, transform, or manifest new states of being. In the context of evolution, potency plays a crucial role in explaining how change and development occur from potential states

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Evaluate Samkara’s concept of reality

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Evaluate Samkara’s concept of reality Introduction Adi Shankaracharya or Samkara is the key proponent of the Advaita Vedanta school of Indian philosophy. His concept of reality centers around non-dualism, emphasizing that only Brahman is ultimately real, and the world of plurality is an illusion (maya). Samkara’s Non-Dualism According to Samkara, Brahman is the only unchanging,

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What is arthakriya-samvada? Write a note on the Yogachara’s perspective on arthakriya-samvada

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What is arthakriya-samvada? Write a note on the Yogachara’s perspective on arthakriya-samvada Introduction The concept of arthakriya-samvada pertains to pragmatic efficacy — the idea that truth is that which is effective in producing results. It plays a significant role in the Indian epistemological and metaphysical discussions, particularly within Buddhist philosophy. Arthakriya-samvada Defined Arthakriya-samvada means the

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What is free will? Critically evaluate the notion of free will

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What is free will? Critically evaluate the notion of free will Introduction Free will refers to the capacity of individuals to make choices unconstrained by external or internal forces. It is a foundational concept in ethics, metaphysics, and human psychology. The debate around free will centers on whether our choices are truly autonomous or determined

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Write a note on the scope and limit of Metaphysics

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Write a note on the scope and limit of Metaphysics Introduction Metaphysics is a core branch of philosophy that deals with the fundamental nature of reality. Its scope includes inquiries into being, existence, substance, cause, identity, space, time, and possibility. However, like all philosophical disciplines, metaphysics also has its limitations. Scope of Metaphysics Metaphysics addresses

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What is cause? Critically examine four kinds of cause in Aristotle’s metaphysics

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What is cause? Critically examine four kinds of cause in Aristotle’s metaphysics Introduction In Aristotle’s metaphysics, the concept of cause (aitia) is foundational for understanding change, existence, and the nature of things. Aristotle introduced a comprehensive theory of causation involving four types of causes that explain why a thing is the way it is. The

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Critically evaluate the idea of substance in Vaisheshika School of Indian Philosophy

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Critically evaluate the idea of substance in Vaisheshika School of Indian Philosophy Introduction The Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy, founded by Kanada, is known for its analytical metaphysics and classification of reality. One of its central concepts is the notion of substance (Dravya), which serves as the substratum for qualities and actions. Substance in Vaisheshika

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