Introduction The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is a statutory organization under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. It was established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act and later entrusted with powers under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981. Role of […]
Introduction Landfilling is one of the most commonly used methods for waste disposal. It involves the burial of solid waste in designated areas, called landfills, which are carefully engineered to minimize environmental hazards. While not the most sustainable method, it plays a critical role in waste management systems, especially in urban areas. How Landfilling Works
How does Landfilling act as an important method of waste disposal? Explain. Read More »
Introduction Improper waste disposal poses severe threats to human health, wildlife, and the environment. When waste is not managed responsibly, it leads to pollution and resource degradation. Here are four major impacts explained with examples: 1. Soil and Water Contamination Dumping of hazardous chemicals, plastics, and e-waste on open land leads to leaching of toxins
Explain any four impacts of improper waste disposal with suitable examples. Read More »
(a) Ecofeminism Ecofeminism is a social and ecological movement that links the oppression of women with environmental degradation. It emphasizes the connection between the exploitation of nature and patriarchal systems, advocating for gender equality and ecological sustainability. Ecofeminists believe that women, due to their nurturing roles, have a closer relationship with nature and should lead
Introduction India has a growing demand for energy and an urgent need to shift from conventional fossil fuels to non-conventional or renewable energy sources. Non-conventional energy includes solar, wind, biomass, small hydro, and tidal energy. These are sustainable, eco-friendly, and essential for mitigating climate change. Current Status India is one of the world’s leading countries
Introduction The Forest Rights Act (FRA), 2006, officially known as the Scheduled Tribes and Other Traditional Forest Dwellers (Recognition of Forest Rights) Act, is a landmark legislation in India. It aims to recognize and vest the forest rights and occupation of forest land in forest-dwelling tribal communities and other traditional forest dwellers. Key Provisions and
Introduction The carbon cycle is the process through which carbon is exchanged between the atmosphere, biosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere. It plays a crucial role in regulating Earth’s climate and supporting life by maintaining the balance of carbon among various components of the ecosystem. Main Components of the Carbon Cycle 1. Photosynthesis Green plants and algae
Write a short note on carbon cycle with the help of a diagram. Read More »
Introduction Water resources are broadly classified into surface water and groundwater. These sources are vital for drinking, agriculture, and industrial purposes. However, increasing human activities are leading to their degradation, posing serious environmental and health risks. Difference Between Surface and Ground Water Surface Water: Found in rivers, lakes, ponds, and reservoirs, it is directly exposed
Introduction Aquatic ecosystems are water-based environments that support diverse life forms. These ecosystems can be freshwater (rivers, lakes, ponds) or marine (oceans, seas). Organisms in aquatic ecosystems are distributed across different zones based on light penetration, depth, and ecological roles. Zones of Aquatic Ecosystems and Life Forms 1. Littoral Zone This is the shallow, near-shore
Introduction A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region that is both rich in biodiversity and threatened by human activities. These regions contain a high number of endemic species—species found nowhere else on Earth. To qualify as a hotspot, a region must have at least 1,500 species of vascular plants as endemics and must have lost
What is biodiversity hotspot? Why is India considered as a mega biodiversity hotspot? Read More »
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