Ignou_corner

Scatter plot

A scatter plot is a graphical representation used to show the relationship between two continuous variables. Each point on the graph represents one observation. It helps in visualizing correlation, trends, and outliers, and is often used in psychology to explore associations between variables like anxiety and performance.

Scatter plot Read More »

Normal curve

The normal curve, also called the bell curve, represents a symmetrical distribution of data where most values cluster around the mean. It is essential in psychology as many traits follow a normal distribution. Properties include equal mean, median, and mode, and predictable data spread governed by standard deviation.

Normal curve Read More »

Decision errors

Decision errors occur in hypothesis testing when incorrect conclusions are drawn. There are two types: Type I error, where a true null hypothesis is wrongly rejected, and Type II error, where a false null hypothesis is not rejected. These errors affect the reliability of research, and their likelihood is influenced by sample size, effect size,

Decision errors Read More »

Point estimation

Point estimation refers to the process of using sample data to estimate a single value (point) as an approximate value of a population parameter. Common point estimators include the sample mean for population mean, and sample proportion for population proportion. While efficient and easy to interpret, point estimates may lack accuracy if not supported by

Point estimation Read More »

The sign test

The sign test is a non-parametric statistical test used to evaluate the median difference between paired observations or a sample median. It is particularly useful when the assumptions of parametric tests (like normality) are violated. The test only considers the direction of change (positive or negative), not the magnitude, making it simple and robust for

The sign test Read More »

Describe point-biserial correlation and phi coefficient.

Describe Point-Biserial Correlation and Phi Coefficient Introduction Correlation is a measure of the relationship between two variables. In psychological research, when dealing with specific types of variables—particularly dichotomous ones (variables that take only two values)—special correlation methods are used. Two such techniques are the point-biserial correlation and the phi coefficient. These are valuable tools when

Describe point-biserial correlation and phi coefficient. Read More »

Disabled !