Human Genetics (MANE-001)

IGNOU MANE-001 Solved Assignment 2024-25: Human Genetics Full Answer Index

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IGNOU MANE-001 TMA 2024-25: Complete Solved Answer Guide Below is the full list of solved questions for the IGNOU Course Human Genetics (MANE-001) for the academic session 2024-25. Each answer is written in clear, simple language suitable for all students, including those with basic understanding. Define Human Genetics? Discuss briefly the different branches of Human […]

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Write short notes on any two of the following: a). Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) b). Hap Map Project c). Ethical principles in genetic research d). Phenylketonuria (PKU)

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a) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is a laboratory technique used to make multiple copies of a specific segment of DNA. It was developed by Kary Mullis in 1983 and revolutionized genetic research. Steps in PCR: Denaturation: DNA is heated to separate the strands. Annealing: Short primers bind to specific sequences. Extension:

Write short notes on any two of the following: a). Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) b). Hap Map Project c). Ethical principles in genetic research d). Phenylketonuria (PKU) Read More »

Discuss different forms of DNA Polymorphisms.

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Introduction DNA polymorphism refers to the variations in DNA sequences among individuals within a population. These variations can be used as genetic markers for studying inheritance, genetic diversity, disease susceptibility, and evolutionary relationships. DNA polymorphisms are crucial in genetic research, forensic science, and anthropology. Definition DNA polymorphisms are defined as heritable differences in DNA sequences

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What is PTC? Describe the procedure for PTC tasting ability through serial dilution method.

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Introduction PTC stands for Phenylthiocarbamide, a chemical compound that tastes bitter to some people but is tasteless to others. The ability to taste PTC is a genetically controlled trait and is commonly used in genetic and anthropological studies to analyze taste sensitivity and inheritance patterns in human populations. What is PTC Tasting? PTC tasting is

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What is a Chromosomal aberration? Describe different types of chromosomal aberrations.

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Introduction Chromosomal aberrations refer to changes in the normal structure or number of chromosomes. These changes can lead to genetic disorders, developmental abnormalities, or even cancer. Chromosomal aberrations may occur due to errors during cell division, exposure to radiation, or chemical mutagens. Definition A chromosomal aberration is any change in the number or structure of

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Discuss the concept of gene in the light of Beadle and Tatum’s work.

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Introduction The concept of the gene has evolved over time with contributions from various scientists. One of the most influential experiments in understanding the gene’s function was conducted by George Beadle and Edward Tatum in the 1940s. Their work laid the foundation for molecular genetics and introduced the famous concept: “one gene, one enzyme hypothesis.”

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Write short notes on any two of the following: a). Hardy-Weinberg Law b). Polymorphism c). FISH d). Y-linked inheritance

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a) Hardy-Weinberg Law The Hardy-Weinberg Law is a fundamental principle in population genetics. It states that allele and genotype frequencies in a population will remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences. These conditions include no mutation, no migration, no natural selection, random mating, and a large population size. Equation: p²

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What is Mitosis? Briefly comment on various stages of cell division with suitable diagrams.

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Introduction Mitosis is a type of cell division in which a single parent cell divides to form two genetically identical daughter cells. It is a fundamental process for growth, development, tissue repair, and asexual reproduction in multicellular organisms. Mitosis occurs in somatic (body) cells and maintains the chromosome number (diploid, 2n) of the parent cell

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Describe the structure and features of DNA.

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Introduction DNA, or Deoxyribonucleic Acid, is the hereditary material in almost all living organisms, including humans. It carries genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of organisms. DNA is found in the nucleus of cells and is responsible for passing genetic information from one generation to the next. Discovery of DNA The

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What is inbreeding? Discuss different types of inbreeding in human populations.

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Introduction Inbreeding is a genetic concept that refers to the mating or reproduction between individuals who are genetically related. It leads to increased homozygosity in a population and may result in the expression of deleterious or harmful genetic traits. In humans, inbreeding is most commonly observed in communities or cultures where cousin marriages and close-kin

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