MHI-107

Bird Heiglers & Co.

Introduction Bird Heiglers & Co. was one of the prominent European commercial enterprises operating in colonial India during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It played a vital role in the trade and industrial sectors, particularly in mining and jute, and serves as a classic example of how British capital and enterprise dominated Indian industries

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Globalisation

Introduction Globalisation refers to the increasing interconnectedness and interdependence of economies, cultures, and populations across the world through the exchange of goods, services, information, technology, and people. In the Indian context, globalisation gained momentum especially after the economic reforms of 1991, which opened the country to global markets and competition. Phases of Globalisation in India

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Customary Rights of Forest-Dwellers

Introduction Customary rights of forest-dwellers refer to the traditional rights and practices of indigenous and tribal communities over forest land and resources. These rights include grazing, collecting firewood, hunting, and gathering minor forest produce. Under British colonial rule, these customary rights came under serious threat due to the imposition of forest laws and commercialization of

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Critically examine recent arguments pertaining to drain of wealth.

Introduction The concept of the “drain of wealth” from India to Britain during colonial rule has been a critical subject in the study of India’s economic history. Originally advanced by thinkers like Dadabhai Naoroji, R.C. Dutt, and later supported by nationalist economists, the theory highlighted how colonial policies led to the systematic transfer of Indian

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‘The eighteenth century was a century of universal decline.’ Comment.

Introduction The eighteenth century in Indian history is often debated among historians as a time of widespread decline or a period of transformation. While traditional interpretations argue that the century was marked by decay and disruption across political, economic, and social spheres, recent studies challenge this narrative. In this post, we critically examine the idea

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