IGNOU MPC-003: Personality – Theories and AssessmentTutor Marked Assignment (TMA) 2024-25 Course Code: MPC-003 Assignment Code: MPC-003/ASST/TMA/2024-25 Marks: 100 Note: All questions are compulsory. SECTION – AAnswer the following questions in 1000 words each. (3 x 15 = 45 marks) Elucidate the key concepts of Gordon Allport’s dispositional theory of personality – Read Answer Discuss […]
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Nomothetic Approach to Personality The nomothetic approach focuses on identifying general laws or traits that apply to all individuals. It emphasizes large-scale studies, standardized assessments, and comparisons across populations. This approach contrasts with the idiographic approach, which studies individuals in depth. Trait theories like the Big Five use the nomothetic method.
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Self as Given by Rogers Carl Rogers defined the “self” as the organized, consistent set of perceptions and beliefs about oneself. He emphasized the “real self” and “ideal self,” and psychological well-being arises when there is congruence between the two. Rogers saw the self as central to personal growth and self-actualization.
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Limitations of Interview Method Interview methods in personality assessment may suffer from subjectivity, interviewer bias, and lack of standardization. Responses can be influenced by social desirability or the interviewer’s attitude. Additionally, interviews are time-consuming and require skilled personnel to ensure reliable interpretation of responses.
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Extraversion/Introversion Extraversion and introversion are personality traits describing where individuals draw their energy. Extraverts are sociable, outgoing, and stimulated by social interactions, while introverts prefer solitude, deep focus, and reflection. These traits influence communication style, work preferences, and social behavior across various settings.
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Social Deprivation as an Environmental Determinant for Personality Development Social deprivation, such as lack of nurturing relationships or exposure to isolation, negatively impacts personality development. It can hinder emotional growth, trust formation, and social skills. Individuals may develop insecurity, aggression, or withdrawal. Early social experiences are crucial in shaping a stable, adaptive personality.
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Homeostasis Homeostasis refers to the body’s ability to maintain internal balance and stability despite external changes. In psychology, it’s also applied to emotional and behavioral regulation. When disrupted, individuals experience stress, prompting adaptive responses to restore equilibrium in both physiological and psychological systems.
Growth Needs Growth needs refer to the higher-level needs in Maslow’s hierarchy, including self-actualization, esteem, and cognitive development. Unlike deficiency needs, which focus on survival, growth needs drive individuals to realize their potential, pursue creativity, and seek personal fulfillment. They are essential for achieving psychological well-being and self-growth.
Senior Apperception Test The Senior Apperception Test (SAT) is a projective tool designed to assess the psychological needs and concerns of older adults. It uses images depicting elderly individuals in various situations, prompting responses that reveal underlying thoughts, emotions, and social dynamics. It helps in geriatric counseling and mental health assessment.
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The Sixteen Personality Factors Questionnaire The Sixteen Personality Factors Questionnaire (16PF), developed by Raymond B. Cattell, assesses 16 primary traits that define personality. It evaluates characteristics such as warmth, dominance, emotional stability, and liveliness. Used in counseling, research, and recruitment, the 16PF offers a detailed profile of personality through standardized, reliable self-report items.
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