STATE AND SOCIETY IN LATIN AMERICA
Introduction The Pampas region of Argentina, Uruguay, and parts of Brazil was one of the most fertile agricultural areas in the world and became known as the “food basket” for Europe during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. From 1853 to 1930, the Pampas played a critical role in supplying grain, beef, and wool […]
(a) Patterns of Democratic Transition in Latin America Introduction Latin America has experienced multiple waves of democratic transitions over the past century. The region has shifted between authoritarian regimes, military dictatorships, and democratic governments, reflecting economic, social, and political struggles. While democracy has expanded in recent decades, many countries continue to face challenges such as
Introduction The relationship between political democracy and economic development has been a central issue in Latin America’s history. The region has experienced cycles of dictatorship and democracy, along with economic booms and crises. While democracy allows for greater citizen participation, transparency, and accountability, economic development provides stability, resources, and opportunities for a better quality of
(a) Juan Perón of Argentina Introduction Juan Domingo Perón (1895–1974) was one of the most important political leaders in Argentina. He served as the President of Argentina three times (1946–1955, 1973–1974). His leadership focused on improving the lives of workers and the poor, strengthening Argentina’s economy, and reducing foreign influence. His political movement, known as
Latin America has a long history of peasant and land rights movements, driven by colonial land dispossession, extreme inequalities in land ownership, and conflicts between rural communities and large landowners or multinational corporations. Since the 19th and 20th centuries, peasants have organized to demand land redistribution, agrarian reform, and protection against displacement. These struggles have
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(a) Features of New Social Movements in Latin America Social movements in Latin America have historically played a crucial role in shaping political and economic transformations. While traditional movements focused on class struggle and labor rights, new social movements (NSMs) have emerged since the 1980s and 1990s, emphasizing identity politics, environmental issues, indigenous rights, gender
Latin American countries have undergone significant economic transformations since the 1980s, largely influenced by the adoption of neo-liberal economic policies. These policies were promoted by international financial institutions such as the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the World Bank, and the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB) in response to severe debt crises, hyperinflation, and economic stagnation that
The Caribbean plantation economy played a defining role in the region’s economic, social, and political history. Introduced by European colonial powers in the 16th century, the plantation system was a model of large-scale agriculture, heavily reliant on slave labor, monoculture crops, and export-driven production. This system shaped the economic foundations of Caribbean nations and left
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Latin America’s historical trajectory has been deeply shaped by its colonial past, leaving a legacy that continues to impact its political structures, economic systems, and social hierarchies. Colonization by Spain and Portugal (1492–1820s) led to the exploitation of natural resources, forced labor, and the imposition of European cultural and administrative frameworks, many of which persist
Contemporary Latin America is in Many Ways a Prisoner of Its Colonial Legacy. Elucidate. Read More »
New social movements in Latin America represent a dynamic force in the region’s politics, addressing a wide range of social, economic, and political issues. These movements have emerged in the late 20th and early 21st centuries and play a significant role in shaping the political landscape and contributing to the ongoing process of democratic transition.
