MPS Archives - Page 19 of 33

Short Notes on India–Africa Relations and Causes of Violent Conflicts in Africa

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(a) India-Africa Relations Introduction India and Africa share a long history of trade, cultural exchanges, and diplomatic relations. The relationship has been shaped by colonial history, economic cooperation, political alliances, and shared development goals. Over the years, India has strengthened its ties with African nations through economic investments, trade agreements, diplomatic partnerships, and capacity-building initiatives. […]

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Describe the Impact of Sub-Saharan Africa’s Efforts on Regional Organization

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Sub-Saharan Africa has made significant efforts to strengthen regional organizations to promote economic integration, political stability, and conflict resolution. Various regional organizations, such as the African Union (AU), Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS), Southern African Development Community (SADC), and East African Community (EAC), have played a crucial role in enhancing trade, security, and

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Describe the Various Features of Foreign Trade and Investment in Africa

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Foreign trade and investment play a crucial role in Africa’s economic growth and development. Africa is rich in natural resources, including oil, gold, diamonds, and agricultural products, making it an attractive destination for foreign investors and global trade partners. Over the years, Africa has developed strong trade relationships with countries like China, the United States,

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Critically Examine the Factors Responsible for the Emergence of Military and Authoritarian Regimes in Africa

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Africa has experienced numerous military and authoritarian regimes since gaining independence from colonial rule in the mid-20th century. Many newly independent African nations struggled with political instability, weak economies, and ethnic conflicts, creating conditions for military takeovers. While some military governments promised stability, most became repressive dictatorships, restricting civil liberties and suppressing opposition. This answer

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Explain the Rise of Nationalism and the Independence Movement in Africa

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Introduction The rise of African nationalism and the struggle for independence from colonial rule were among the most defining moments in Africa’s modern history. For centuries, European powers controlled African territories, exploiting their resources, labor, and land. However, by the mid-20th century, African nations began to resist colonial rule, leading to the independence movements that

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Critically Examine the European Influence on Slave Trade in Africa

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Introduction The transatlantic slave trade was a significant part of African history, driven largely by European demand for labor in the Americas between the 16th and 19th centuries. While slavery existed in Africa before European involvement, the scale, brutality, and long-term impact of the European-controlled slave trade were unprecedented. European powers played a key role

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(a) M.N. Roy’s Radical Humanism (b) Rabindranath Tagore’s critique of nationalism

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[a] M.N. Roy’s Radical Humanism M.N. Roy (1887–1954) was a revolutionary, political thinker, and philosopher who played a significant role in shaping modern Indian thought. Initially a Marxist and a communist leader, he later developed his philosophy called Radical Humanism, which emphasized individual freedom, rationalism, and ethical politics. His ideas rejected both authoritarian socialism and

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(a) Philosophical Foundations of Gandhi’s political perspective (b) Jawaharlal Nehru’s Scientific Humanism

(a) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan on Hindu–Muslim unity (b) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker on Dravidian Mobilisation

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[a] Sir Syed Ahmed Khan on Hindu–Muslim Unity Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (1817–1898) was a key intellectual and social reformer in 19th-century India. He played a significant role in modernizing Muslim society through education and socio-political reforms. While he is often associated with the foundation of Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) and Muslim modernity, he also

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(a) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan on Hindu–Muslim unity (b) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker on Dravidian Mobilisation

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Role of Muslims in Anti-Imperialist Movement in Colonial India The anti-imperialist movement in colonial India was a broad struggle that included people from diverse religious, social, and economic backgrounds. While the movement was often led by figures from the Indian National Congress, Muslim leaders and communities played a crucial role in resisting British rule. Muslim

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