Introduction Vyanjana is a key concept in Indian philosophy, especially in the field of language and literary theory. It refers to the suggested or implied meaning of a word or sentence, beyond its direct (literal) and secondary meanings. Vyanjana plays a very important role in poetry, literature, and even philosophical discussions, where deeper meanings are […]
Introduction The performative theory of truth is a modern approach in philosophy that focuses on how language is used to do things rather than just describe facts. In this theory, the difference between “first order assertion” and “second order assertion” is important for understanding how truth works in everyday speech. Let’s explore what these terms
Introduction “The death of epistemology” is a phrase used by some modern philosophers to express the idea that traditional approaches to studying knowledge have become outdated or irrelevant. Epistemology, the branch of philosophy that studies knowledge, its sources, and its limits, has been central to philosophical thinking for centuries. However, in recent times, many thinkers
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Introduction The pragmatic theory of truth is a modern and practical approach to understanding truth. According to this theory, a statement is true if it works or has practical effects. Instead of focusing only on whether a statement matches reality, the pragmatic theory looks at how useful the statement is in real life. This theory
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Introduction Truth is a central concept in philosophy, and many theories have been developed to understand what it means for a statement to be true. One of the oldest and most widely accepted theories is the “Correspondence Theory of Truth.” This theory says that a statement is true if it matches or corresponds to the
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Introduction In Indian philosophy, the ways through which we gain knowledge are called “pramanas.” There are several accepted pramanas, such as perception (pratyaksha), inference (anumana), and testimony (sabda). One important but often less discussed pramana is “Upamana,” or comparison. This post explains what Upamana means and argues whether it can be considered a true source
Introduction The “linguistic turn” in philosophy refers to a significant change in the 20th century when philosophers began to focus on language as the main tool for understanding philosophical problems. Instead of studying the world directly, they started analyzing how we talk about the world. This shift transformed many areas of philosophy, especially logic, metaphysics,
Introduction The term “language game” is a key idea introduced by the Austrian philosopher Ludwig Wittgenstein in his later work, especially in his book “Philosophical Investigations.” This concept represents a major shift in how philosophers think about language. To understand this shift, we must also look at Wittgenstein’s earlier idea known as the “picture theory”
What is language game? Explain the shift from picture theory to language game theory. Read More »
Introduction In Indian philosophy, the concept of knowledge and how we obtain it has been deeply discussed. One important source of knowledge recognized in almost all Indian philosophical schools is Sabda Pramanya, or verbal testimony. This refers to knowledge gained through words, especially from reliable sources like sacred texts or trustworthy individuals. What is Sabda
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Introduction Ontological certitude refers to a firm and unquestionable certainty about the existence of oneself or reality. The word “ontology” means the study of being or existence, and “certitude” means being absolutely certain. Philosophers use this concept to explain the deep, foundational kind of knowledge we have — especially about our own existence. Origin of
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