Describe the role of Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) as an institution for monitoring the pollution levels of environment.

Introduction

The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) is a statutory organization under the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change, Government of India. It was established in 1974 under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act and later entrusted with powers under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981.

Role of CPCB

1. Monitoring Environmental Quality

CPCB monitors air and water quality across the country through a nationwide network of stations. Data collected helps assess pollution trends and plan mitigation strategies.

2. Enforcement of Pollution Control Laws

The board issues guidelines and standards for emissions and discharges from industries, vehicles, and municipal waste. It also ensures compliance and takes action against violators.

3. Advising the Government

CPCB advises the central government on matters related to environmental pollution and helps formulate policies and action plans for pollution control.

4. Public Awareness and Capacity Building

It conducts workshops, publishes reports, and promotes awareness about pollution issues. CPCB also provides training to officials and industry personnel.

5. Coordination with State Boards

CPCB coordinates activities with State Pollution Control Boards to ensure uniform implementation of environmental norms and standards.

Conclusion

CPCB plays a pivotal role in protecting environmental quality and promoting sustainable development through monitoring, regulation, and awareness. Strengthening its capacity can enhance environmental governance in India.

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