Constitutional Safeguards and Legislative Measures for Women’s Development
India’s Constitution provides several safeguards and rights to ensure the protection and development of women. These constitutional provisions are supported by laws that address gender inequality, violence, and discrimination.
Constitutional Safeguards
- Article 14: Guarantees equality before the law and equal protection of the law to all citizens, including women.
- Article 15: Prohibits discrimination on the grounds of sex, caste, religion, etc. It also allows the state to make special provisions for women.
- Article 16: Provides equal opportunity in public employment.
- Article 39(a) & (d): Directs the state to ensure adequate means of livelihood and equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
- Article 42: Mandates humane conditions for work and maternity relief.
Key Legislative Measures
- Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961: Prohibits the giving or taking of dowry.
- Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005: Provides protection to women from domestic abuse.
- Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (amended in 2017): Grants paid maternity leave and safeguards employment during maternity.
- Sexual Harassment of Women at Workplace (Prevention, Prohibition and Redressal) Act, 2013: Ensures safety of women at workplaces.
- Equal Remuneration Act, 1976: Mandates equal pay for equal work, regardless of gender.
These constitutional and legal provisions together form a strong foundation for promoting women’s development and empowering them across social, political, and economic spheres in India.