Introduction
In India, women have faced many challenges like inequality, discrimination, violence, and lack of opportunities. To improve the status of women, the government has made several policies and plans. These aim to give women equal rights, safety, education, health, and participation in development.
Major Policies for Women in India
1. National Policy for the Empowerment of Women (2001)
This policy focuses on:
- Creating equal opportunities for women in education, health, and employment.
- Eliminating all forms of discrimination and violence against women.
- Giving women more power in decision-making at all levels.
2. National Policy for Women (Draft – 2016)
This draft policy builds on the 2001 policy and focuses on:
- Women’s safety, health, and skill development.
- Technology for women’s development.
- Encouraging entrepreneurship among women.
Planning and Schemes for Women
1. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao
This scheme aims to protect the girl child and promote her education. It addresses declining child sex ratio and empowers girls through awareness and support.
2. Ujjwala Scheme
Provides free LPG connections to women from poor families, improving their health by reducing indoor pollution from traditional stoves.
3. One Stop Centres (Sakhi)
These centers offer legal, medical, psychological, and police support to women facing violence and abuse.
4. Mahila E-Haat
An online platform where women entrepreneurs can sell their products directly to buyers, encouraging self-employment.
5. Maternity Benefit Program (Pradhan Mantri Matru Vandana Yojana)
Gives financial assistance to pregnant and lactating women to help them rest and take care of their newborns.
6. Working Women Hostels
Helps women who work away from their homes by offering safe and affordable places to live.
7. Nari Shakti Puraskar
Award given to outstanding women who have made remarkable contributions in various fields.
8. Support to Training and Employment Program for Women (STEP)
Gives training to poor and marginalized women in various skills so they can get jobs or start small businesses.
9. Swadhar Greh
Provides shelter and support to women who are in difficult situations like domestic violence, homelessness, or family disputes.
Conclusion
The government of India has taken many steps to promote gender equality and empower women. These policies and schemes help women get education, health care, safety, jobs, and respect. Social workers can play an important role in spreading awareness about these programs and helping women benefit from them. With strong policies and support, women can become equal partners in India’s development.