What is Structural Migration?
Structural migration refers to the movement of people due to large-scale changes in social, economic, or environmental systems. Unlike seasonal or voluntary migration, structural migration is often forced and long-term. It occurs because of deep-rooted structural issues such as poverty, inequality, urbanization, or government policies.
Causes of Structural Migration
- Development Projects: Large dams, highways, or industrial zones often lead to displacement of people.
- Economic Changes: When jobs shift from rural to urban areas, people are forced to migrate for employment.
- Environmental Degradation: Deforestation, soil erosion, and loss of water sources can push people out of their native lands.
- Government Policies: Poor land reforms, eviction from forests, or urban slum clearance can cause structural displacement.
Impact of Structural Migration
- Loss of homes and livelihoods
- Breakdown of community and culture
- Social and economic stress in urban areas
- Increased poverty and vulnerability of migrants
Conclusion
Structural migration is a serious issue that affects millions. Addressing it requires inclusive development, fair policies, and support systems for displaced communities.