IGNOU

Write a note on the Marxist historiography in the West after Second World War.

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Introduction Marxist historiography has played a pivotal role in shaping historical scholarship, particularly in the West. After the Second World War, this school of thought gained significant traction, especially among scholars disillusioned by the rise of fascism and the failures of liberal capitalism. Marxist historians focused on class struggle, economic structures, and social relations, offering […]

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Describe the important features of Indo-Persian tradition of history-writing during the Sultanate period

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Introduction The Indo-Persian tradition of history-writing during the Sultanate period (13th to 16th century) was a significant phase in Indian historiography. With the establishment of the Delhi Sultanate, Persian became the official language of administration and culture, and it heavily influenced historical writing. This tradition was characterized by its courtly style, theological influence, and chronicling

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Who are considered to be the founders of the Annales School of historiography? Discuss their works.

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Introduction The Annales School is one of the most influential movements in modern historiography. Founded in France in the early 20th century, it revolutionized historical writing by shifting the focus from political events to long-term social, economic, and cultural structures. The Annales School introduced interdisciplinary approaches and emphasized the use of data, geography, and social

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Discuss the distinctive features of Greco-Roman historiography.

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Introduction Greco-Roman historiography refers to the traditions and methods of historical writing developed in ancient Greece and Rome. These early historians laid the foundations of Western historiography, contributing significantly to the evolution of historical consciousness, methodology, and narrative style. Their works were often driven by political, ethical, and philosophical concerns. This essay explores the distinctive

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What do you understand by ‘microhistory’? Describe the historians and their works related to this tradition of history-writing.

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Introduction Microhistory is a historiographical approach that focuses on the intensive study of a small unit of research—such as a village, a family, or a single individual—over a limited period. Unlike traditional macro-level histories that emphasize large-scale political or economic events, microhistory investigates the everyday lives and experiences of ordinary people. This methodology emerged in

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What is objectivity? What role does the interpretation play in history-writing?

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Introduction In the discipline of history, the pursuit of objectivity has long been considered a crucial standard for credible and responsible scholarship. Objectivity in history-writing refers to the historian’s attempt to present facts and events without personal bias or subjective distortion. However, absolute objectivity has been a topic of intense debate, especially given the interpretative

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MGP-004 Gandhi’s Political Thought: Complete Assignment Answers (2024–25)

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Introduction This post compiles all the answer links for the IGNOU MGP-004: Gandhi’s Political Thought assignment (TMA 2024–25). It includes long-form and short-note responses organized as per the official question paper format. Use the links below to access each answer and complete your assignment effectively. SECTION – I Analyze Gandhi’s critique of the process of

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MPSE-004 Social and Political Thought in Modern India: Complete Assignment Answers (2024–25)

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Introduction This post compiles all the answers for the IGNOU MPSE-004: Social and Political Thought in Modern India assignment (TMA 2024–25). Each question has been answered in detail and is available through direct links. This includes both long-form 500-word answers and short notes for Section II. Click the links below to access each response directly.

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MHI-111 Urbanization in India-2: Complete Assignment Answers (January 2025)

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Introduction This master post compiles all the answers to the MHI-111: Urbanization in India-2 assignment (January 2025). Each answer is over 600 words, thoroughly researched, and structured with proper headings. Click the links below to read the full response to each question. Section A Why is the study of material or physical aspects of the

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Write short notes on any two of the following: Cantonment, New risks and contemporary urbanism, Bombay as a working class city, Urban governance and Nationalist responses

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Introduction Urban history in colonial and modern India includes specialized urban spaces that developed in response to military, economic, and social changes. This post presents expanded short notes on two such important aspects: Cantonments and Bombay as a working-class city. Each provides insight into distinct dimensions of urban evolution in India—military urbanism and industrial labor

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