Introduction The shift theory of translation is an important concept in translation studies. It focuses on how translations differ from their source texts and why these differences occur. The term “shift” refers to changes that happen during the translation process. These changes can be at different levels such as grammar, structure, vocabulary, or even meaning. […]
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Introduction Here is the complete set of solved answers for the IGNOU MGSE-020: Gender and Financial Inclusion assignment (TMA-01) for the 2024–25 academic session. These answers are structured, simple, and useful for MAGD students to prepare their assignments effectively. Assignment Questions and Answer Links Financial Inclusion from a Gender Perspective Definition of Bank, Growth of
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Introduction Affirmative action refers to special measures taken to ensure equal opportunities for disadvantaged groups. In microfinance, affirmative action for women involves designing policies and programs that give priority to women in accessing loans, savings, insurance, and training. Since women face barriers such as lack of collateral, lower literacy, and cultural restrictions, affirmative action ensures
Introduction Microfinance is the provision of small loans, savings, and other financial services to poor and marginalized groups who are excluded from traditional banking. Leadership plays a crucial role in the success of microfinance institutions (MFIs) and self-help groups (SHGs). Effective leaders guide their members, ensure transparency, build trust, and promote sustainability. Women’s leadership, in
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Introduction Community and social mobilization are processes that bring people together to collectively identify problems, share resources, and take action for social and economic development. These approaches are especially powerful for promoting gender equality and financial inclusion. Mobilization empowers marginalized groups, including women, by enabling them to participate in decision-making and improve their access to
Introduction Financial inclusion aims to provide equal access to financial services like savings, credit, insurance, and remittances. In the context of gender, it means ensuring that women, along with men, are empowered to use these services. Two key strategies to achieve this are the Top-Down and Bottom-Up approaches. Both approaches focus on inclusion but differ
Introduction ‘e-Choupal’ is an innovative initiative launched by ITC Limited in 2000 to empower rural farmers in India. It is an internet-based platform that provides farmers with information, resources, and services to improve their productivity, efficiency, and incomes. The word ‘Choupal’ refers to a village gathering place, and the project uses technology to create a
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Introduction A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public, provides loans, and offers services like credit, payments, and investments. Banks are essential for economic growth because they act as intermediaries between savers and borrowers. In India, public sector banks (PSBs) have played a vital role in expanding financial services to rural
Introduction Financial inclusion means making financial services such as savings, credit, insurance, and remittances available to all people, especially those who are poor or marginalized. From a gender perspective, it emphasizes ensuring that women have equal access to these services. Since women face unique challenges like lack of collateral, lower literacy, and social restrictions, gender-sensitive
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Introduction Here is the complete set of solved answers for the IGNOU MGSE-013: Gender Training and Empowerment assignment (TMA-01) for the 2024–25 session. These answers are simple, well-structured, and designed to help MAGD students understand key concepts easily. Assignment Questions and Answer Links Approaches to Gender Training Training Modules Role of Women Trainers in Gender
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