rationalism

Explain and evaluate three elements of Descartes’ Philosophy of Art.

Leave a Comment / MPYE-011 Philosophy of Art (Aesthetics) /

Explain and Evaluate Three Elements of Descartes’ Philosophy of Art Introduction René Descartes (1596–1650), a foundational figure in modern Western philosophy, is known for his emphasis on reason, clarity, and methodological doubt. Although Descartes did not write directly on aesthetics or a systematic philosophy of art, his broader metaphysical and epistemological ideas influence how art […]

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Compare Leibniz’s and Spinoza’s aim of philosophy.

Leave a Comment / MPYE-007: Research Methodology in Philosophy /

Introduction Leibniz and Spinoza were two towering figures of 17th-century rationalist philosophy. Though both believed in the power of reason and a rational structure to reality, their aims and philosophical methods differed significantly. This comparison highlights how each viewed the role and purpose of philosophy in understanding the world, God, and the human condition. Leibniz’s

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Write a short essay on Periyar’s Critique of Religion.

Leave a Comment / MPYE-006: Dalit Philosophy /

Introduction Periyar E.V. Ramasamy, a radical social reformer from Tamil Nadu, is known for his fierce critique of religion, especially Hinduism, which he believed perpetuated caste-based inequality. His views have had a lasting impact on the anti-caste and rationalist movements in India. Religion and Caste Oppression Periyar argued that religious scriptures and rituals were tools

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M.N. Roy’s Radical Humanism

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Introduction M.N. Roy (Manabendra Nath Roy), a revolutionary, political theorist, and philosopher, made significant contributions to modern Indian political thought through his doctrine of Radical Humanism. Originally a Marxist and founder of the Communist Party of India, Roy later grew disillusioned with orthodox communism and developed a new ideological framework centered around individual freedom, rationality,

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Jawaharlal Nehru’s Scientific Humanism

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Introduction Jawaharlal Nehru’s concept of scientific humanism formed a central pillar of his worldview and governance strategy. As an architect of modern India, Nehru combined humanist values with a scientific approach to build a progressive, secular, and democratic nation. Scientific humanism, in Nehru’s thought, was about applying rationality, evidence-based reasoning, and technological progress to improve

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(a) Philosophical Foundations of Gandhi’s political perspective (b) Jawaharlal Nehru’s Scientific Humanism

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[a] Philosophical Foundations of Gandhi’s Political Perspective Mahatma Gandhi’s (1869–1948) political philosophy was deeply rooted in ethical and moral principles rather than mere political strategy. His ideas were influenced by Hinduism, Jainism, Christianity, and Western thinkers like Leo Tolstoy and Henry David Thoreau. He emphasized non-violence (ahimsa), truth (satya), self-rule (swaraj), and civil disobedience (satyagraha)

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(a) Sir Syed Ahmed Khan on Hindu–Muslim unity (b) E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker on Dravidian Mobilisation

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[a] Sir Syed Ahmed Khan on Hindu–Muslim Unity Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (1817–1898) was a key intellectual and social reformer in 19th-century India. He played a significant role in modernizing Muslim society through education and socio-political reforms. While he is often associated with the foundation of Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) and Muslim modernity, he also

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