IGNOU BBCCT-109 Assignment (2025)
Metabolism of Carbohydrates and Lipids
Course Code: BBCCT-109
Assignment Code: BBCCT-109/TMA/2025
Maximum Marks: 100
Answer List
- Explain the terms in 2-3 sentences: Substrate level phosphorylation, Glycolysis, Anaplerotic reactions, Chemotrophs, Catabolism
- (a) Explain different phases of glycolysis. Write the final equation indicating the net production of ATP
(b) Why is ATP known as the biological energy currency? Does ATP have any other role than energy currency? - (a) Explain regulation of TCA cycle
(b) Justify the statement that gluconeogenesis from pyruvate is not the simple reversal of glycolysis - Describe the process of glycogenesis and its regulation
- (a) Explain the mechanisms involved in concentration of CO2 in C4 plants
(b) Explain the partitioning of fixed carbon to sucrose and starch synthesis in leaf cells - (a) Explain the major pathway of fatty acid oxidation taking palmitic acid as an example
(b) What are ketone bodies and how are they synthesized? Why is level of ketone bodies increased in uncontrolled diabetes? - (a) What is the role of fatty acid synthase complex in fatty acid metabolism?
(b) Calculate the number of ATP produced by oxidation of one molecule of glucose by glycolysis and TCA cycle. Is this number less or more than that produced during β-oxidation of palmitic acid? - (a) List different stages of cholesterol biosynthesis, explain first step in detail
(b) Explain DAG transacylase pathway for triglyceride synthesis - (a) Describe the CPD-base pathway for phosphatidyl choline synthesis
(b) What is ceramide? How is sphingomyelin synthesized from ceramide? - (a) Discuss the fate of carbohydrates, lipids and proteins under well fed state
(b) Name the lipid that accumulates in Faber’s disease and Tay-Sach’s disease. Explain the signs and symptoms of these diseases
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