Introduction
The Gender and Development (GAD) approach emerged in the late 1980s as a response to the limitations of the Women in Development (WID) approach. While WID mainly focused on integrating women into development projects, GAD goes deeper by analyzing gender relations and the unequal distribution of power, resources, and responsibilities between men and women. It emphasizes that true development cannot take place without gender equality.
Key Features of the GAD Approach
1. Focus on Gender Relations
Instead of viewing women as a separate group, GAD examines how men and women interact within households, communities, and workplaces, and how these interactions lead to inequality.
2. Power and Structural Inequality
The GAD approach challenges patriarchal systems and cultural practices that limit women’s access to resources, decision-making, and opportunities.
3. Participation and Empowerment
It promotes active participation of women in planning, policy-making, and development programs. Empowerment is seen as central to reducing gender gaps.
4. Holistic Development
GAD looks beyond economic roles to include social, political, and cultural dimensions of development. It highlights issues like unpaid care work, reproductive rights, and violence against women.
Importance of GAD in Training
- Encourages critical thinking about gender roles
- Provides tools to challenge discriminatory practices
- Helps design gender-sensitive policies and programs
Conclusion
The Gender and Development approach is a transformative framework that addresses the root causes of inequality rather than just the symptoms. By focusing on power relations and structural change, GAD empowers both men and women to work together towards inclusive and sustainable development.