Cognitive Psychology

Elucidate learning disability, highlighting its characteristics, causes, and identification process

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Introduction Learning disabilities are neurological disorders that affect a person’s ability to understand, process, or respond to information effectively. These difficulties are not related to intelligence levels but rather how the brain receives and uses information. Individuals with learning disabilities may face challenges in reading, writing, speaking, or mathematical reasoning despite normal or above-average intelligence. […]

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MPC-001 Assignment Answer Index (2024-25)

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IGNOU MPC-001: Cognitive Psychology, Learning and Memory Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA) 2024-25 Course Code: MPC-001 Assignment Code: MPC-001/ASST/TMA/2024-25 Marks: 100 Note: All questions are compulsory. SECTION – A Answer the following questions in 1000 words each. (3 x 15 = 45 marks) Describe the stage model of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin – Read Answer

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Relationship between creativity and intelligence

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Relationship Between Creativity and Intelligence Creativity and intelligence are related but distinct. Intelligence involves problem-solving and logical thinking, while creativity focuses on producing novel ideas. High intelligence may support creativity, but being creative doesn’t always require a high IQ. Research shows that beyond a certain intelligence threshold, personality and environment shape creativity more.

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Principles of the information processing

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Principles of the Information Processing Information processing theory explains how humans encode, store, and retrieve information like a computer. Key principles include attention (selecting information), encoding (transforming input), storage (retaining data), and retrieval (recalling it when needed). It emphasizes sequential processing through sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory systems.

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Describe the environmental and cultural blocks to problem solving

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Introduction Problem solving is a key cognitive process used in daily life, education, and work. However, people often face barriers that hinder their ability to think clearly and reach effective solutions. These barriers are not always internal; many come from external factors like the environment or cultural background. This post explores how environmental and cultural

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Describe Spearman’s two-factor theory of intelligence

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Introduction Charles Spearman, a British psychologist, was one of the first to study intelligence scientifically. He is well-known for proposing the two-factor theory of intelligence, which became a foundational concept in psychometrics and cognitive psychology. His theory emphasizes that intelligence consists of a general ability that influences performance on all intellectual tasks, as well as

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Discuss Guilford’s structure-of-intellect theory

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Introduction J.P. Guilford, an American psychologist, proposed the Structure-of-Intellect (SOI) theory to explain the complexity of human intelligence. Unlike traditional views that saw intelligence as a single, general ability (g-factor), Guilford believed that intelligence is made up of multiple distinct abilities. His model greatly expanded the understanding of intelligence and has been influential in the

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Describe the Connectionist model of memory by Rumelhart and McClelland

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Introduction The Connectionist model of memory, developed by David Rumelhart and James McClelland in the 1980s, marked a significant shift in how psychologists understand memory and cognition. Also known as the Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) model, it challenged earlier linear and modular theories of memory by proposing that cognitive processes emerge from complex networks of

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Explain the stages and strategies of problem solving

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Introduction Problem solving is one of the most important cognitive functions in everyday life. Whether it’s solving a math problem, fixing a computer error, or planning a trip, we constantly face problems that require thoughtful solutions. In cognitive psychology, problem solving is defined as the process of identifying a gap between a current state and

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