Dichotomous thinking is a cognitive distortion where a person sees situations in black-and-white terms, with no middle ground. Examples include thinking “I’m a complete failure” or “Everything must be perfect.” It can lead to unrealistic expectations, anxiety, and low self-esteem. Therapy often helps individuals develop balanced thinking.
Dichotomous thinking Read More »
Reliability means the consistency of an assessment tool—if repeated, it gives similar results. Validity means the tool measures what it is supposed to measure. A test must be reliable to be valid, but a reliable test is not always valid. Both are essential for effective psychological testing.
Reliability and validity Read More »
The components of assessment include: Purpose: Why the assessment is being done Tools: Tests, interviews, and observations Process: Administration and scoring Interpretation: Understanding the results Feedback: Sharing findings with the client These components ensure a complete and meaningful evaluation.
Components of assessment. Read More »
Active listening is a key skill in counseling. It involves giving full attention to the speaker, understanding their message, and responding appropriately. It includes eye contact, nodding, paraphrasing, and asking clarifying questions. Active listening helps build trust, shows empathy, and encourages clients to open up and share.
Technology in assessment improves accuracy, speed, and accessibility. Online tools, digital questionnaires, AI-based scoring, and remote testing allow counselors to assess clients effectively. Technology helps store and analyze data securely and is useful for large-scale or distance-based assessments, while saving time and reducing manual errors.
Use of technology in assessment Read More »
The process of assessment in counseling involves several steps: identifying the purpose, gathering client background information, selecting appropriate tools (e.g., tests, interviews), administering the tools, interpreting results, and sharing feedback. This helps understand the client’s needs, strengths, and problems, and guides effective intervention planning.
Process of assessment Read More »
Introduction Adlerian counseling is based on the theory developed by Alfred Adler, an Austrian psychologist. He believed that people are social beings who are motivated by goals and a desire for belonging. His counseling approach focuses on helping individuals develop a sense of purpose and improve their social connections. The Adlerian counseling process is positive,
Discuss the counseling process based on Adler’s theory. Read More »
Introduction Case history taking is an essential step in the counseling and assessment process. It involves gathering detailed background information about the client to understand their life experiences, behavior patterns, and possible root causes of current problems. This information helps in planning suitable interventions and building a comprehensive view of the client’s situation. Case History
Describe the case history taking format. Read More »
Introduction An interview is a key method used in the counseling and assessment process. It allows the counselor to gather personal, emotional, and social information from the client. Interviews can be structured, semi-structured, or unstructured, depending on the need. Certain characteristics make interviews effective in understanding and helping clients. Key Characteristics of an Interview 1.
Explain the characteristics of interview. Read More »
Introduction The counseling process begins with gathering information and understanding the client’s problems. Two important steps in the early stages are the pre-counseling interview and the preliminary assessment. These steps help the counselor understand the client’s background, current issues, and goals. They set the foundation for building trust and planning effective interventions. Pre-Counseling Interview This
Explain pre counseling interview and preliminary assessment in counseling. Read More »
Disabled !
