Write a note on Carvaka’s metaphysics Introduction The Carvaka school represents an ancient materialist tradition within Indian philosophy. It is known for its radical rejection of metaphysical and religious claims that cannot be directly perceived or experienced through the senses. Core Tenets of Carvaka Metaphysics Carvaka’s metaphysics is grounded in empiricism. It recognizes only perception […]
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Write a note on Brahmaparinamvada Introduction Brahmaparinamvada is a significant metaphysical doctrine found in certain schools of Indian philosophy, especially in early Vedanta. The term means “the doctrine of transformation of Brahman,” suggesting that the world is a real transformation of the ultimate reality, Brahman. Philosophical Basis According to Brahmaparinamvada, the universe is not an
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Critically evaluate the idea of substance in Vaisheshika School of Indian Philosophy Introduction The Vaisheshika school of Indian philosophy, founded by Kanada, is known for its analytical metaphysics and classification of reality. One of its central concepts is the notion of substance (Dravya), which serves as the substratum for qualities and actions. Substance in Vaisheshika
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Introduction In Indian philosophy, the concept of Shakti holds a central place, particularly in the traditions of Tantra, Shaktism, and certain schools of Vedanta. Shakti, meaning “power” or “energy,” represents the dynamic, active principle of the universe. It is often personified as the Divine Mother or Goddess, symbolizing creation, preservation, and destruction. Philosophical Meaning Shakti
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Introduction Jainism, one of the oldest philosophical and religious traditions of India, has a unique approach to understanding reality and ethics. Two central doctrines in Jain thought — Syadvad (the theory of conditioned predication) and Anekantvad (the theory of manifold aspects) — serve not only as tools for philosophical understanding but also form the basis
Introduction The concept of the human person is central to both Indian and Western philosophical traditions. While both traditions seek to understand the nature, purpose, and identity of human beings, their approaches and interpretations differ significantly. These differences are shaped by their respective cultural, religious, and metaphysical foundations. Indian Perspective on the Human Person Indian
Introduction In Indian philosophy, the ways through which we gain knowledge are called “pramanas.” There are several accepted pramanas, such as perception (pratyaksha), inference (anumana), and testimony (sabda). One important but often less discussed pramana is “Upamana,” or comparison. This post explains what Upamana means and argues whether it can be considered a true source
Introduction In Indian philosophy, the concept of knowledge and how we obtain it has been deeply discussed. One important source of knowledge recognized in almost all Indian philosophical schools is Sabda Pramanya, or verbal testimony. This refers to knowledge gained through words, especially from reliable sources like sacred texts or trustworthy individuals. What is Sabda
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Introduction Nyaya Philosophy, one of the classical schools of Indian philosophy, is well-known for its detailed focus on logic and epistemology. In this system, language plays a very important role in the process of gaining knowledge. According to Nyaya, for any sentence to be meaningful and convey knowledge, it must meet specific conditions. These conditions
MPY-001 Indian Philosophy – Assignment Answer Index This post provides a complete list of questions and their answer links for the IGNOU MAPY First Year assignment – MPY-001 Indian Philosophy (for TEE December 2024 and June 2025). Section 1: Long Answers (500+ words) Concept of Abhava in Vaishesika Pratityasamutpada and the Four Noble Truths Anekantavada
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