Untouchability Untouchability is one of the most degrading social practices rooted in the caste system of India. It involves the systematic exclusion and discrimination of certain communities, especially Dalits, deemed “impure” by traditional Hindu society. This practice denies individuals basic human rights such as access to public spaces, education, water sources, and temples. Untouchability is […]
“Caste is a division of laborer, not the division of labor.” This statement, popularized by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, criticizes the caste system for its unjust structure. In a fair society, labor is divided based on skill and interest. However, in the caste system, people are assigned roles based on birth, not ability. The phrase means
“Caste is a division of laborer, not the division of labor.” Explain. Read More »
Introduction The Enlightenment was an intellectual and cultural movement in 17th-18th century Europe, emphasizing reason, science, and individual rights. While it contributed to modern democracy and secularism, it is also critiqued, especially from Dalit and post-colonial perspectives, for ignoring or marginalizing non-Western worldviews. Positive Contributions of Enlightenment It promoted critical thinking, rationality, and freedom from
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Introduction E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker, popularly known as Periyar, was a pioneering social reformer, rationalist, and political activist from Tamil Nadu. He played a crucial role in mobilizing the Dravidian identity as a counter to Brahminical dominance, caste oppression, and North Indian political hegemony. Through the Self-Respect Movement and the Dravidar Kazhagam (DK), Periyar championed the
E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker on Dravidian Mobilisation Read More »
Introduction Dr. B. R. Ambedkar, the architect of the Indian Constitution and one of the most influential social reformers of modern India, devoted much of his life to fighting the caste system. Born into a Dalit family, Ambedkar experienced caste-based discrimination firsthand. His deep critique of the caste system and call for its annihilation became
Discuss Dr. B. R. Ambedkar’s views on caste system and its annihilation. Read More »
Introduction Structural violence refers to systematic and institutional forms of harm that prevent individuals or groups from meeting their basic needs or living with dignity. It includes poverty, discrimination, unequal access to education or healthcare, and political marginalization. Mahatma Gandhi, although he did not use the term “structural violence,” addressed its core issues throughout his
Gandhi’s views on preventing ‘Structural Violence’ Read More »
[a] Sir Syed Ahmed Khan on Hindu–Muslim Unity Sir Syed Ahmed Khan (1817–1898) was a key intellectual and social reformer in 19th-century India. He played a significant role in modernizing Muslim society through education and socio-political reforms. While he is often associated with the foundation of Aligarh Muslim University (AMU) and Muslim modernity, he also
Swami Vivekananda on Nationalism Swami Vivekananda (1863–1902) was a prominent Indian monk, philosopher, and key figure in the introduction of Indian philosophies to the Western world. His views on nationalism were deeply intertwined with his spiritual and cultural beliefs, emphasizing a harmonious blend of national pride and universal spirituality. Vivekananda’s conception of nationalism was not
a) Neo-Liberal Economic Policies of Latin American Countries: Neo-liberal economic policies, often referred to as market-oriented reforms, were introduced in many Latin American countries during the late 20th and early 21st centuries. These policies marked a shift away from state-led, protectionist economic models toward greater reliance on market forces. Key features of neo-liberal policies in
Human development in developing countries has witnessed several significant trends in recent years. These trends reflect both progress and challenges in various aspects of human well-being, including education, health, income, and gender equality. Here are some of the major trends: 1. Improvements in Life Expectancy: Many developing countries have seen notable improvements in life expectancy.
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