Well-defined and Ill-defined Problems Well-defined problems have clear goals, rules, and solutions (e.g., math problems). Ill-defined problems lack specific parameters and may have multiple solutions (e.g., resolving a conflict). The difference lies in clarity—well-defined problems are structured, while ill-defined ones are open-ended and require creative or critical thinking.
Well-defined and Ill-defined problems Read More »
Principles of the Information Processing Information processing theory explains how humans encode, store, and retrieve information like a computer. Key principles include attention (selecting information), encoding (transforming input), storage (retaining data), and retrieval (recalling it when needed). It emphasizes sequential processing through sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory systems.
Principles of the information processing Read More »
Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Domain Bloom’s taxonomy classifies cognitive learning into six hierarchical levels: Remembering, Understanding, Applying, Analyzing, Evaluating, and Creating. It helps educators design lessons and assessments that promote deeper learning. Higher levels involve more complex thinking skills, progressing from basic knowledge recall to creative and critical problem-solving abilities.
Bloom’s taxonomy of cognitive domain Read More »
Role of Hippocampus in Memory The hippocampus is a critical brain structure involved in forming, organizing, and storing new memories. It helps convert short-term memories into long-term ones, especially episodic and spatial memories. Damage to the hippocampus can lead to memory loss and difficulty in creating new memories (anterograde amnesia).
Role of hippocampus in memory Read More »
Hebb’s Law Hebb’s Law, proposed by Donald Hebb in 1949, states that “cells that fire together, wire together.” It means that when two neurons are activated together repeatedly, the connection between them strengthens. This principle explains how learning and memory are formed through repeated neural activity and synaptic changes.
Levels-of-Processing Model The levels-of-processing model, proposed by Craik and Lockhart in 1972, suggests that memory retention depends on the depth of processing. Deeper, semantic processing leads to stronger, long-lasting memory, while shallow, surface-level processing results in weaker memory. It emphasizes how information is encoded over where it is stored.
Levels-of-processing model Read More »
Introduction Problem solving is a key cognitive process used in daily life, education, and work. However, people often face barriers that hinder their ability to think clearly and reach effective solutions. These barriers are not always internal; many come from external factors like the environment or cultural background. This post explores how environmental and cultural
Describe the environmental and cultural blocks to problem solving Read More »
Introduction Charles Spearman, a British psychologist, was one of the first to study intelligence scientifically. He is well-known for proposing the two-factor theory of intelligence, which became a foundational concept in psychometrics and cognitive psychology. His theory emphasizes that intelligence consists of a general ability that influences performance on all intellectual tasks, as well as
Describe Spearman’s two-factor theory of intelligence Read More »
Introduction J.P. Guilford, an American psychologist, proposed the Structure-of-Intellect (SOI) theory to explain the complexity of human intelligence. Unlike traditional views that saw intelligence as a single, general ability (g-factor), Guilford believed that intelligence is made up of multiple distinct abilities. His model greatly expanded the understanding of intelligence and has been influential in the
Discuss Guilford’s structure-of-intellect theory Read More »
Introduction Creativity is the ability to produce original and valuable ideas. It is not limited to artists or inventors — everyone uses creativity in daily life, whether it’s solving a problem at work, coming up with a new recipe, or finding a better route to school. Cognitive psychology studies creativity to understand how the mind
Describe the aspects and stages of creativity Read More »
Disabled !
