March 2025

Describe the Connectionist model of memory by Rumelhart and McClelland

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Introduction The Connectionist model of memory, developed by David Rumelhart and James McClelland in the 1980s, marked a significant shift in how psychologists understand memory and cognition. Also known as the Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) model, it challenged earlier linear and modular theories of memory by proposing that cognitive processes emerge from complex networks of […]

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Explain the stages and strategies of problem solving

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Introduction Problem solving is one of the most important cognitive functions in everyday life. Whether it’s solving a math problem, fixing a computer error, or planning a trip, we constantly face problems that require thoughtful solutions. In cognitive psychology, problem solving is defined as the process of identifying a gap between a current state and

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Describe the different domains of cognitive psychology. Highlight the key issues in the study of cognitive psychology.

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Introduction Cognitive psychology is a major branch of psychology that focuses on understanding mental processes such as thinking, perception, memory, language, and problem-solving. It investigates how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information. This field is foundational to understanding human behavior and is widely applied in education, therapy, artificial intelligence, and neuroscience. In this post,

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Describe the stage model of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin

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Introduction The stage model of memory, also known as the multi-store model, was proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968. This influential model describes how information flows through three distinct stages of memory: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). Each stage is responsible for different aspects of memory processing, including

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What role did the Indian merchants play in India’s trading economy during the late 19th century?

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Introduction The late 19th century marked a significant phase in the transformation of India’s trading economy under colonial rule. Amidst these changes, Indian merchants played a pivotal role in facilitating, adapting to, and sometimes resisting the economic shifts introduced by the British. From local bazaars to international markets, Indian merchants were instrumental in keeping trade

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Analyze the impact of colonial interventions on tribal economy.

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Introduction Colonial interventions in India profoundly altered the lives and livelihoods of tribal communities. Traditionally self-sufficient and living in harmony with nature, tribal societies had their own systems of economy, social organization, and cultural practices. However, with the advent of British colonial rule, these indigenous systems were disrupted through land revenue policies, forest laws, commercialization

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Rise of European Private Trade

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Introduction The rise of European private trade in India during the 17th and 18th centuries marked a shift from state-controlled commercial enterprises to more individualized, profit-driven ventures. This transformation played a crucial role in changing the dynamics of India’s maritime trade and laid the groundwork for deeper colonial intervention. Background Initially, European trade with India

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Critically examine Morris D. Morris’ argument that there was ‘not much direct evidence of the decline of India’s traditional industries.’

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Introduction Morris D. Morris, an American economic historian, presented a controversial argument that challenged the nationalist view of India’s industrial decline during British colonial rule. According to Morris, there was “not much direct evidence of the decline of India’s traditional industries.” This statement sparked extensive debate among historians and economists. In this post, we critically

Critically examine Morris D. Morris’ argument that there was ‘not much direct evidence of the decline of India’s traditional industries.’ Read More »

Impact of Indian Commercialisation

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Introduction The commercialisation of agriculture and economic life in colonial India was a significant transformation that reshaped traditional structures. Driven largely by British colonial policies, this shift had deep impacts on rural society, agrarian relations, and economic stability. What is Commercialisation? Commercialisation refers to the process by which agricultural produce and other goods were increasingly

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Analyze the nature of Indian economic growth in the first three five year plans.

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Introduction After gaining independence in 1947, India adopted a planned economic development strategy aimed at achieving self-reliance, reducing poverty, and promoting balanced growth. The government launched a series of Five Year Plans, inspired by the Soviet model, to guide resource allocation and economic priorities. The first three Five Year Plans (1951–66) were foundational in shaping

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