September 2025

What is Gandhi’s concept of Swaraj? How does it lead to Sarvodaya and Antyodaya?

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Introduction Mahatma Gandhi’s idea of Swaraj (self-rule) goes beyond political independence. It is a deep and powerful concept that includes individual freedom, moral responsibility, and self-reliance. Gandhi believed that true freedom must start from within each person and extend to the entire society. This idea of Swaraj naturally leads to Sarvodaya (welfare of all) and […]

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Examine the role of United Nations in resolving conflicts in developing societies.

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Introduction The United Nations (UN) was created in 1945 to maintain international peace and security. One of its most important roles is to help prevent and resolve conflicts around the world, especially in developing societies. These societies often face poverty, weak institutions, and internal divisions, which can lead to conflict. The UN works in many

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What do you understand by conflict management? What are the social and environmental dimensions of conflict management?

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Introduction Conflict is a natural part of human life. It occurs when individuals or groups have differences in opinions, interests, needs, or values. Conflict management is the process of handling disputes in a constructive and peaceful way. The goal is not to eliminate all conflicts but to manage them so that they do not turn

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Discuss the concept of direct, structural and cultural violence as propounded by Johan Galtung.

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Introduction Johan Galtung, a well-known Norwegian peace theorist, introduced the concept of violence in a broader and deeper sense. He explained that violence is not just about physical harm or war but includes many hidden and indirect forms. His theory divides violence into three main types: direct violence, structural violence, and cultural violence. This model

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What do you understand by Post-Conflict Reconstruction and Rehabilitation? Highlight the role of media in this task.

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Introduction Post-conflict reconstruction and rehabilitation refer to the efforts made to rebuild a society after it has gone through violent conflict or war. These efforts include restoring peace, rebuilding infrastructure, supporting displaced people, rebuilding institutions, and healing broken relationships in the community. One of the key players in this process is the media, which has

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MGPE-009 TMA 2024-25: Complete Answer Index (Section-I & II)

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MGPE-009: Gandhi in the 21st Century – Complete Assignment Answer Index (2024-25) This post provides the complete list of all solved questions from both Section-I and Section-II of the Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA) for MGPE-009 for the academic session 2024-25. 🔹 Section-I (Long Answers – 600+ Words) Attempt a critical review of Gandhi’s ideas on

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Village reconstruction

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Introduction Mahatma Gandhi placed great importance on the development of villages. He believed that true independence and progress for India could only be achieved if its villages were strong and self-reliant. Gandhi’s idea of village reconstruction focused on improving rural life through self-sufficiency, simplicity, and moral values. Gandhi’s Vision for Village Reconstruction Gandhi saw villages

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Social, economic and cultural dimensions

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Introduction Societies are complex systems made up of different but interconnected parts. The social, economic, and cultural dimensions are key aspects that shape how people live, interact, and grow. Understanding these dimensions helps us analyze society and work toward inclusive development. Social Dimension The social dimension refers to how people interact with one another within

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