Introduction The immune system protects the body from infections and diseases. It consists of two main branches: innate immunity and adaptive immunity. Innate immunity is the body’s first line of defense and works quickly. One part of innate immunity involves anatomical and physiological barriers. Antigens, on the other hand, are foreign substances that trigger an […]
Introduction The immune system is responsible for defending the body against infections and diseases. It consists of various cells, tissues, and organs that work together. Among these, lymphoid organs play a central role in the development and functioning of immune responses. In adult humans, lymphoid organs are broadly classified into primary (central) and secondary (peripheral)
Give an overview of primary and secondary lymphoid organ in adult man. Read More »
Assignment Overview This post provides complete answer links for the BBCCT-125: Molecules of Life assignment for the year 2025. All answers have been written in easy-to-understand language to help IGNOU students prepare and submit their assignments with confidence. Answer Links Define Recombinant DNA Technology and describe the steps involved in its process. What is the
BBCCT-125 Assignment Answer Links – Molecules of Life (2025) Read More »
Introduction Recombinant DNA technology has had a significant impact on agriculture by enabling the development of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) that are more productive, resistant to pests and diseases, and tolerant to environmental stresses. However, the use of GMOs also raises concerns about environmental effects and ethical issues. In this answer, we will explore both
Introduction Genetic engineering has transformed the field of medicine by enabling the development of new drugs, therapies, and diagnostic tools. One of the most successful applications of genetic engineering is the production of recombinant human insulin. In this answer, we’ll explore how genetic engineering is applied in medicine, with a focus on the process of
Introduction DNA sequencing is the process of determining the exact order of nucleotides (A, T, C, G) in a DNA molecule. It plays a critical role in understanding genetics, diagnosing diseases, and advancing biotechnology. In this answer, we will discuss the principles and methods of DNA sequencing and explain its importance in genetic studies. Principles
Introduction The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) is one of the most powerful techniques in molecular biology. It allows scientists to make millions of copies of a specific DNA segment in just a few hours. PCR has many applications in research, medicine, and genetic engineering. In this answer, we will describe the PCR process, explore its
Introduction In molecular cloning, synthetic oligonucleotides play a vital role. These short sequences of nucleotides are artificially made in the lab and are used in a wide range of genetic techniques, including gene cloning, PCR, and DNA sequencing. In this answer, we will discuss the importance of synthetic oligonucleotides and explain the steps involved in
Introduction Gene cloning is a fundamental process in molecular biology and genetic engineering. It involves making multiple copies of a specific gene or DNA segment. This technique is widely used in medicine, agriculture, and research. In this answer, we will explain the main steps of gene cloning and discuss the important role of a cloning
What are the steps involved in gene cloning, and why is a cloning vector necessary? Read More »
Introduction DNA ligase is a key enzyme in molecular biology and genetic engineering. It acts as a molecular glue that joins DNA fragments together. Whether DNA has sticky ends or blunt ends, DNA ligase plays a crucial role in sealing the gaps and forming a stable DNA molecule. In this answer, we will explain how
Disabled !
