MDV-106: Assignment 4 – Answer Index Below is the complete list of answers for MDV-106: Social Science Research assignment for the academic year 2024–25. These answers are written in simple and easy-to-understand language for IGNOU learners. Briefly discuss the different approaches to social science research. Explain any five methods for appraisal of existing situation that […]
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Introduction Measures of dispersion describe the spread or variability of a data set. While measures of central tendency (mean, median, and mode) give us the average or middle point, measures of dispersion show how much the data values deviate from that central point. Understanding dispersion is essential in social science and development research to interpret
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Introduction In social science and development research, data is central to analysis and decision-making. It helps researchers understand behaviors, opinions, conditions, and outcomes. There are two main types of data used in research: quantitative data and qualitative data. Each has its own methods of collection, analysis, and interpretation. Difference Between Quantitative and Qualitative Data Aspect
Introduction Sampling is the process of selecting a subset of individuals, items, or data points from a larger population to estimate characteristics of the whole group. In research, it is often not practical or possible to collect data from an entire population, so sampling provides a manageable, cost-effective alternative that still yields meaningful results. What
Introduction Appraisal of the existing situation is a crucial step in the process of development research and planning. It helps researchers, policymakers, and development practitioners understand the current conditions of a community or area before designing any intervention or development project. This step allows for the identification of needs, resources, problems, and priorities. Various methods
Introduction Social science research is a systematic process of understanding social phenomena through various methodologies and theoretical frameworks. It aims to explore, analyze, and interpret human behavior, social structures, cultural norms, and institutions. Social science research helps in policy formulation, understanding societal issues, and proposing solutions. There are several approaches used by researchers, each offering
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MDV-103: Assignment 3 – Answer Index Below is the list of complete answers for MDV-103 assignment for the academic year 2024–25. Each answer is structured in simple language suitable for undergraduate-level understanding. Distinguish between economic development and economic growth. Explain factors influencing economic development. What is poverty? Explain vicious circle of poverty and causes of
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Introduction Soil and water are two of the most critical natural resources for the survival of human beings and the sustainability of ecosystems. They are foundational to agriculture, biodiversity, and overall economic development. Managing these resources efficiently and sustainably is essential to ensure food security, environmental conservation, and development goals. Importance of Soil and Water
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Introduction Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperatures and weather patterns. While climate change can occur naturally due to volcanic eruptions or changes in the Earth’s orbit, human activities—especially the burning of fossil fuels—have been the primary drivers of climate change in recent decades. These activities release greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane
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Introduction Poverty is a condition in which a person or community lacks the financial resources and essentials required for a minimum standard of living. It includes lack of income, inadequate access to food, housing, clean water, education, and healthcare. Poverty is not just an economic issue but also a social, political, and psychological challenge. Definition
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