September 2025

Right to Equality

Introduction The Right to Equality is one of the most important fundamental rights guaranteed by the Constitution of India. It ensures that every individual is treated equally under the law and prohibits any discrimination on the basis of religion, race, caste, sex, or place of birth. This right is a cornerstone of democracy and social […]

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Institution of Slavery

Introduction Slavery is one of the oldest and most severe violations of human rights in history. It refers to a system where individuals are treated as property and forced to work against their will, often under harsh conditions and without pay. Though legally abolished in most parts of the world, modern forms of slavery still

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Role and track record of the SCs and STs Commissions in India

Introduction The Scheduled Castes (SCs) and Scheduled Tribes (STs) are among the most disadvantaged communities in India. To safeguard their rights and ensure social justice, the Indian government has set up constitutional bodies – the National Commission for Scheduled Castes (NCSC) and the National Commission for Scheduled Tribes (NCST). These commissions monitor the implementation of

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UN convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women

Introduction The United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) is an international treaty adopted in 1979 by the UN General Assembly. It is often described as the international bill of rights for women. The convention defines what constitutes discrimination against women and sets up an agenda for national

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Role of civil society in the promotion of Human Rights

Introduction Civil society refers to the network of organizations, groups, and individuals that operate independently from the government. These include NGOs, community-based organizations, media, trade unions, and concerned citizens. Civil society plays a crucial role in the promotion and protection of human rights across the world, including in India. It acts as a bridge between

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Explain the significance of the United Nations’ Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UNUDHR) by examining its provisions.

Introduction The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on 10 December 1948 after the horrors of World War II. It is a landmark document in the history of human rights and is considered a global standard for human dignity, freedom, and equality. This answer explains the significance

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Describe the initiatives that Gandhi had taken for the removal of untouchability in India.

Introduction Mahatma Gandhi considered untouchability to be one of the biggest social evils in Indian society. He believed that it was against the core principles of human dignity, equality, and justice. Gandhi dedicated a major part of his life to fighting against this practice and working for the upliftment of the so-called “untouchables”, whom he

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“The essence of Satyagraha is the notion of Human Rights.” (Gandhi). Comment.

Introduction Mahatma Gandhi’s concept of Satyagraha is closely linked with the idea of justice, dignity, and non-violence. At its core, Satyagraha is not just a method of protest but a deep moral and ethical principle that reflects the very spirit of Human Rights. In this answer, we will explore how Satyagraha, as envisioned by Gandhi,

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Are the provision contained in the Constitution’s Directive Principles of State Policy adequate in respect of Human Rights? Give reasons.

Introduction The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are a set of guidelines mentioned in Part IV of the Indian Constitution. They aim to establish a just society by directing the government to ensure social and economic welfare. Though they are not legally enforceable, they form the moral foundation of governance in India. This answer

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