2025

Explain the Term Institutional Capacity-Building and Suggest Ways for Capacity-Building of Elected Representatives

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Institutional Capacity-Building Institutional capacity-building refers to the process of enhancing the efficiency, effectiveness, and responsiveness of institutions, enabling them to achieve their objectives and deliver services effectively. It involves improving the skills, resources, structures, and systems within an organization to address challenges and meet evolving demands. In the context of governance, institutional capacity-building focuses on […]

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Discuss the Evolution and Significance of Democratic Decentralisation in India

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Introduction Democratic decentralisation refers to the transfer of decision-making powers, responsibilities, and resources from central and state governments to elected local bodies. This process aims to deepen democracy by enabling citizens to participate directly in governance at the grassroots level. In India, democratic decentralisation has evolved through constitutional amendments, policy reforms, and grassroots movements, making

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Discuss the Evolution and Significance of Democratic Decentralisation in India

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Introduction Democratic decentralisation refers to the transfer of decision-making powers, responsibilities, and resources from central and state governments to elected local bodies. This process aims to deepen democracy by enabling citizens to participate directly in governance at the grassroots level. In India, democratic decentralisation has evolved through constitutional amendments, policy reforms, and grassroots movements, making

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What Are the Different Requirements in Development Planning?

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What Are the Different Requirements in Development Planning? Development planning refers to a systematic process aimed at achieving socio-economic development by efficiently utilizing available resources. It involves identifying objectives, prioritizing goals, and implementing strategies to address issues such as poverty, inequality, infrastructure gaps, and environmental challenges. The success of development planning depends on meeting several

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Examine the Partnership Among Local Authorities and Special Purpose Agencies in the Health Sector

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The health sector is a critical component of local governance, and its effective functioning often depends on collaboration between local authorities and special purpose agencies (SPAs). This partnership ensures efficient delivery of healthcare services, equitable access, and the implementation of health-related programs tailored to the needs of the local population. Role of Local Authorities in

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Describe the Politico-Administrative Components of Decentralisation and Suggest Necessary Measures to Strengthen Them

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Decentralisation refers to the transfer of authority and responsibilities from central and state governments to local-level institutions. It has both political and administrative dimensions that work in tandem to ensure effective governance, participatory decision-making, and efficient service delivery. Politico-Administrative Components of Decentralisation 1. Political Components: – Democratic Institutions: – Decentralisation involves creating democratic local governance

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Explain the Concept of Empowerment by Highlighting the Problems in Achieving Empowerment

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Empowerment refers to the process of enabling individuals or communities to gain control over their lives, make informed decisions, and access opportunities for personal and social development. It involves enhancing people’s capacities, resources, and rights to ensure their active participation in political, economic, and social spheres. Empowerment is both a goal and a means of

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Discuss the Impact of Decentralised Development

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Decentralised development refers to the process of transferring authority and responsibility for planning, decision-making, and implementation of development activities from central or higher levels of government to local governments, community organizations, or non-governmental institutions. This approach aims to make governance more participatory, responsive, and tailored to the needs of local communities. Decentralisation has a significant

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Write short notes on the following in about 250 words each: a) Internal Migration b) Sustainable Development

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A) Internal Migration Internal migration refers to the movement of people within a country’s borders for economic, social, environmental, or cultural reasons. It can occur in several forms, such as rural-to-urban, urban-to-rural, rural-to-rural, and urban-to-urban migration. This phenomenon plays a significant role in shaping a country’s economic and social fabric. Types of Internal Migration: Causes

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Discuss the Causes of Over-Urbanisation

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Discuss the Causes of Over-Urbanisation Over-urbanisation occurs when cities grow at a rate that surpasses their capacity to provide adequate infrastructure, resources, and services to their inhabitants. This phenomenon often leads to challenges such as overcrowding, unemployment, poor living conditions, and environmental stress. The causes of over-urbanisation are multifaceted, stemming from both push factors in

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