2025

Discuss the psychosocial changes in older adults

Introduction As individuals age, they experience several psychosocial changes that impact their identity, relationships, and emotional well-being. These changes are influenced by personal health, retirement, loss, and the evolving social roles associated with aging. Understanding these shifts is essential for promoting mental health and social inclusion among older adults. Key Psychosocial Changes in Older Adults […]

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Describe language development in children, highlighting its components

Introduction Language development is a vital aspect of a child’s cognitive and social growth. It enables children to communicate, express emotions, interact with others, and learn effectively. Language development begins early in life and involves acquiring both the ability to understand (receptive language) and produce (expressive language) spoken or written words. Stages of Language Development

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Elucidate learning disability, highlighting its characteristics, causes, and identification process

Introduction Learning disabilities are neurological disorders that affect a person’s ability to understand, process, or respond to information effectively. These difficulties are not related to intelligence levels but rather how the brain receives and uses information. Individuals with learning disabilities may face challenges in reading, writing, speaking, or mathematical reasoning despite normal or above-average intelligence.

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Discuss Piaget’s and Kohlberg’s ideas on moral development

Introduction Understanding how individuals develop a sense of right and wrong is central to psychology. Two major theorists who contributed significantly to our understanding of moral development are Jean Piaget and Lawrence Kohlberg. Both proposed stage-based models that explain how moral reasoning evolves from early childhood to adulthood. Piaget’s Theory of Moral Development Jean Piaget

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Discuss ageing issues and challenges in middle adulthood

Introduction Middle adulthood, typically ranging from ages 40 to 65, is a phase marked by significant physical, psychological, and social transitions. Although not considered old age, this period begins the process of ageing. Individuals face a range of issues including declining physical abilities, shifting family responsibilities, career transitions, and emotional adjustments. Understanding these ageing-related challenges

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Explain the characteristics and stages of prenatal development

Introduction Prenatal development is the process through which a human embryo or fetus develops from a single-celled zygote to a full-term baby. This journey, spanning approximately 40 weeks, is divided into three distinct stages: the germinal stage, the embryonic stage, and the fetal stage. Each stage features critical biological changes and developmental milestones that lay

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Discuss social development during middle childhood

Introduction Middle childhood, typically ranging from 6 to 12 years of age, is a critical period in a child’s social development. During this stage, children transition from a family-centered environment to more peer-influenced social contexts, such as schools and extracurricular activities. The development of social skills, self-concept, friendships, and moral reasoning becomes increasingly complex and

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MPC-001 Assignment Answer Index (2024-25)

IGNOU MPC-001: Cognitive Psychology, Learning and Memory Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA) 2024-25 Course Code: MPC-001 Assignment Code: MPC-001/ASST/TMA/2024-25 Marks: 100 Note: All questions are compulsory. SECTION – A Answer the following questions in 1000 words each. (3 x 15 = 45 marks) Describe the stage model of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin – Read Answer

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Problem space hypothesis

Problem Space Hypothesis The problem space hypothesis, proposed by Newell and Simon, suggests that problem-solving involves navigating through a “space” of possible states from the current situation to the goal. Each step, rule, and decision creates a path within this space. Effective problem-solving means exploring this space efficiently using strategies.

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