Introduction Transactional Analysis (TA) is a theory of personality and a method of therapy developed by Dr. Eric Berne in the 1950s. It helps people understand how they interact with others and why they behave in certain ways. TA is widely used in counseling, education, and communication training. It is easy to understand and can […]
Explain transactional analysis in detail. Read More »
Introduction Person-Centered Therapy (also known as Client-Centered Therapy) was developed by Carl Rogers. This approach to counseling is based on the belief that every individual has the ability to grow and solve their own problems in the right environment. The counselor does not give advice or direct the client but provides support, understanding, and acceptance
Introduction Depression is one of the most common mental health issues faced by people across the world. It affects how a person feels, thinks, and behaves. In simple terms, depression is a mental state where a person feels extremely sad, hopeless, and loses interest in daily activities for a long time. This is not just
Describe the causes and treatment for depression. Read More »
MPCE-013: Psychotherapeutic Methods – Complete Solved Assignment (2024-25) Below is the complete list of all solved questions for IGNOU’s MPCE-013 Tutor Marked Assignment (TMA) for the academic year 2024–25. Each question has been answered in IGNOU-approved format and published separately. Click the links to view each solution. SECTION A Explain solution focused therapy in detail
MPCE-013: Psychotherapeutic Methods – Solved Assignment 2024-25 (All Questions) Read More »
Psychotherapy in Dementia Psychotherapy in dementia focuses on improving quality of life, managing emotions, and maintaining cognitive and social functioning. Approaches like cognitive stimulation, validation therapy, reminiscence therapy, and supportive counseling are commonly used. Therapy is adapted to the individual’s cognitive level and aims to reduce anxiety, depression, and behavioral issues.
Psychotherapy in dementia Read More »
Empathy Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person. It involves both emotional and cognitive components—feeling what others feel and understanding their perspective. In psychotherapy, empathy helps build trust and connection, allowing clients to feel heard, validated, and supported during their healing journey.
Five Stages of Dying by Kübler-Ross Elisabeth Kübler-Ross proposed five stages of dying: Denial (refusing to accept reality), Anger (resentment toward the situation), Bargaining (attempting to negotiate for more time), Depression (deep sadness), and Acceptance (coming to terms with death). These stages help explain emotional responses to terminal illness or loss.
Five stages of dying by Kubler-Ross Read More »
Token Economies Token economies are behavioral reinforcement systems where individuals earn tokens for displaying desired behaviors. These tokens can later be exchanged for rewards. Commonly used in schools, psychiatric settings, and rehabilitation centers, token economies help shape behavior by providing immediate and tangible reinforcement, promoting motivation and consistency in learning.
Difference Between Positive Punishment and Negative Punishment Positive punishment involves adding an unpleasant stimulus to reduce a behavior, like scolding a child for misbehavior. Negative punishment involves removing a pleasant stimulus, such as taking away a toy to reduce tantrums. Both aim to decrease undesirable behavior but use different methods—adding versus taking away stimuli.
Difference between positive punishment and negative punishment Read More »
Inferential Distortions Inferential distortions are incorrect assumptions or conclusions that individuals make about themselves, others, or situations. These distortions are common in anxiety and depression. For example, assuming others dislike you without evidence. Such faulty interpretations can lead to emotional distress and are targeted in cognitive therapies for correction.
Inferential distortions Read More »
Disabled !
