Introduction
Periyar E.V. Ramasamy, a radical social reformer from Tamil Nadu, is known for his fierce critique of religion, especially Hinduism, which he believed perpetuated caste-based inequality. His views have had a lasting impact on the anti-caste and rationalist movements in India.
Religion and Caste Oppression
Periyar argued that religious scriptures and rituals were tools used by the upper castes to maintain their dominance. He believed that Hinduism, in particular, legitimized untouchability and justified the subjugation of Dalits and women.
Rationalism and Social Justice
Periyar promoted rationalism and encouraged people to question blind faith. He founded the Self-Respect Movement, which aimed to dismantle caste hierarchy and empower the marginalized.
Critique of Idolatry and Priesthood
He opposed temple worship and the authority of Brahmin priests, arguing that these practices reinforced social inequality. He even broke idols to symbolize liberation from religious control.
Legacy
Periyar’s critique inspired generations of Dalit and backward caste thinkers. His work helped develop a political and philosophical framework that linked atheism, rationalism, and social reform.
Conclusion
Periyar’s critique of religion was a call for human dignity, equality, and reason. His ideas continue to influence debates on religion, caste, and social justice in India today.