Levels-of-Processing Model The levels-of-processing model, proposed by Craik and Lockhart in 1972, suggests that memory retention depends on the depth of processing. Deeper, semantic processing leads to stronger, long-lasting memory, while shallow, surface-level processing results in weaker memory. It emphasizes how information is encoded over where it is stored.
Levels-of-processing model Read More »
Introduction Problem solving is a key cognitive process used in daily life, education, and work. However, people often face barriers that hinder their ability to think clearly and reach effective solutions. These barriers are not always internal; many come from external factors like the environment or cultural background. This post explores how environmental and cultural
Describe the environmental and cultural blocks to problem solving Read More »
Introduction Charles Spearman, a British psychologist, was one of the first to study intelligence scientifically. He is well-known for proposing the two-factor theory of intelligence, which became a foundational concept in psychometrics and cognitive psychology. His theory emphasizes that intelligence consists of a general ability that influences performance on all intellectual tasks, as well as
Describe Spearman’s two-factor theory of intelligence Read More »
Introduction J.P. Guilford, an American psychologist, proposed the Structure-of-Intellect (SOI) theory to explain the complexity of human intelligence. Unlike traditional views that saw intelligence as a single, general ability (g-factor), Guilford believed that intelligence is made up of multiple distinct abilities. His model greatly expanded the understanding of intelligence and has been influential in the
Discuss Guilford’s structure-of-intellect theory Read More »
Introduction Creativity is the ability to produce original and valuable ideas. It is not limited to artists or inventors — everyone uses creativity in daily life, whether it’s solving a problem at work, coming up with a new recipe, or finding a better route to school. Cognitive psychology studies creativity to understand how the mind
Describe the aspects and stages of creativity Read More »
Introduction The Connectionist model of memory, developed by David Rumelhart and James McClelland in the 1980s, marked a significant shift in how psychologists understand memory and cognition. Also known as the Parallel Distributed Processing (PDP) model, it challenged earlier linear and modular theories of memory by proposing that cognitive processes emerge from complex networks of
Describe the Connectionist model of memory by Rumelhart and McClelland Read More »
Introduction Problem solving is one of the most important cognitive functions in everyday life. Whether it’s solving a math problem, fixing a computer error, or planning a trip, we constantly face problems that require thoughtful solutions. In cognitive psychology, problem solving is defined as the process of identifying a gap between a current state and
Explain the stages and strategies of problem solving Read More »
Introduction Cognitive psychology is a major branch of psychology that focuses on understanding mental processes such as thinking, perception, memory, language, and problem-solving. It investigates how people acquire, process, store, and retrieve information. This field is foundational to understanding human behavior and is widely applied in education, therapy, artificial intelligence, and neuroscience. In this post,
Introduction The stage model of memory, also known as the multi-store model, was proposed by Richard Atkinson and Richard Shiffrin in 1968. This influential model describes how information flows through three distinct stages of memory: sensory memory, short-term memory (STM), and long-term memory (LTM). Each stage is responsible for different aspects of memory processing, including
Describe the stage model of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin Read More »
ANSWER: Word Count: 1,032 words Causes and Treatment of Panic Disorder Panic disorder is a debilitating mental health condition characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks. These attacks involve intense fear and discomfort, often accompanied by physical symptoms such as a racing heart, shortness of breath, and sweating. Understanding the causes and effective treatments for
Discuss the causes and treatment of panic disorder. Read More »
